Nursing Elites

1. Food energy is commonly expressed in kilocalories and in what other unit?

• A. kilojoules
• B. kilograms
• C. kilometers
• D. kilonewtons

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Food energy is commonly expressed in kilocalories and kilojoules. Kilocalories and kilojoules are both units of energy commonly used to measure the energy content of food. Kilograms, kilometers, and kilonewtons are units of mass, distance, and force, respectively, and are not used to express food energy.

2. Which of the following best describes the purpose of dietary guidelines?

• A. To ensure food safety and sanitation.
• B. To promote overall health and reduce the risk of chronic diseases.
• C. To prevent foodborne illnesses.
• D. To provide recommendations for physical activity.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'To promote overall health and reduce the risk of chronic diseases.' Dietary guidelines aim to improve public health by providing recommendations on dietary patterns and nutrient intake. While ensuring food safety and sanitation (choice A) is important, it is not the primary purpose of dietary guidelines. Preventing foodborne illnesses (choice C) is more related to food safety practices rather than dietary guidelines. Recommendations for physical activity (choice D) are important for overall health but are separate from dietary guidelines, which primarily focus on nutrition.

3. What is a common treatment for a child with iron-deficiency anemia?

• A. Iron supplements
• B. High-protein diet
• C. Vitamin B12 injections
• D. Sodium chloride solution

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Iron supplements are the correct choice for treating iron-deficiency anemia in children. Iron supplements help replenish the low iron levels in the body, addressing the underlying cause of the anemia. High-protein diets may be beneficial for overall health but are not the primary treatment for iron-deficiency anemia. Vitamin B12 injections are used to treat B12 deficiency anemia, a different type of anemia. Sodium chloride solution is not a treatment for anemia and is typically used for hydration purposes.

4. How many vitamins are known to be required in the diet of human beings?

• A. 5
• B. 8
• C. 10
• D. 13

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: 13. There are 13 essential vitamins required in the diet of human beings, including vitamins A, C, D, E, K, and the B vitamins. Choice A (5), Choice B (8), and Choice C (10) are incorrect because they do not represent the total number of essential vitamins needed by human beings.

5. How much energy is required to raise the temperature of one kilogram of water by 1°C?

• A. 10 calories
• B. 100 calories
• C. 1 kilocalorie
• D. 10 kilocalories

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is 1 kilocalorie. This is the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of water by 1°C. Choice A (10 calories) and Choice D (10 kilocalories) are incorrect as they do not represent the correct unit of measurement for this specific scenario. Choice B (100 calories) is also incorrect as it overestimates the amount of energy required. The specific heat capacity of water is approximately 1 calorie/gram °C, which means that 1 kilogram (1000 grams) of water requires 1 kilocalorie (1000 calories) to raise its temperature by 1°C.

Similar Questions