Nursing Elites

1. You assisted the midwife in formulating the objectives of the plan of care for Barangay Mabulaklak. Which of the following is a well-stated objective?

• A. to reduce the number of children with ascariasis by the end of two years
• B. to protect the water sources from pollution
• C. to conduct health teachings on proper nutrition
• D. to reduce the number of underweight children by 10%

Correct answer: D

Rationale: A specific, measurable objective like reducing the number of underweight children by 10% is well-stated. This objective is clear, quantifiable, and time-bound, making it easier to track progress and evaluate the effectiveness of the plan. Choices A, B, and C are not as well-stated as they lack specificity, measurability, and a quantifiable target.

2. The community health nurse is planning a series of educational courses about the healthcare system and meeting healthcare needs for the community center. Which adjunct issue should the nurse address for a group of older adults?

• A. Peer concerns.
• B. Adult daycare.
• C. Retirement issues.
• D. Vocational concerns.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: When planning educational courses for older adults, addressing adult daycare is crucial as it is a relevant issue that can impact their daily lives and access to healthcare services. Peer concerns may not be directly related to healthcare needs, retirement issues are important but not as immediate in terms of healthcare access, and vocational concerns are more pertinent to working-age individuals.

3. What is the measure of the number of new cases of a disease in a specific population during a certain time period called?

• A. Prevalence
• B. Incidence
• C. Mortality rate
• D. Morbidity rate

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, Incidence. Incidence refers to the number of new cases of a disease in a specific population during a certain time period. Prevalence (choice A) refers to the total number of cases of a disease in a population at a specific point in time. Mortality rate (choice C) is the measure of the number of deaths in a particular population due to a specific cause. Morbidity rate (choice D) is a broader term that encompasses the incidence and prevalence of a disease in a population.

4. The hospital is planning to downsize and eliminate a number of staff positions as a cost-saving measure. To assist staff in this change process, the nurse manager is preparing for the "unfreezing" phase of change. With this approach and phase the nurse manager should

• A. Discuss with the staff how to deal with any defensive behavior
• B. Explain to the unit staff why change is necessary
• C. Assist the staff during the acceptance of the new changes
• D. Clarify what the changes mean to the community and hospital

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The "unfreezing" phase involves preparing staff for change by explaining the necessity and benefits of the change, helping them to understand and accept it.

5. The RN is planning care at a team meeting for a 2-month-old child in bilateral leg casts for congenital clubfoot. Which of these suggestions by the PN should be considered the priority nursing goal following cast application?

• A. Infant will experience minimal pain
• B. Muscle spasms will be relieved
• C. Mobility will be managed as tolerated
• D. Tissue perfusion will be maintained

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Following cast application for congenital clubfoot in a 2-month-old child, the priority nursing goal should be to maintain tissue perfusion. This is crucial to prevent complications like compartment syndrome and ensure proper healing. While managing pain, relieving muscle spasms, and promoting mobility are important aspects of care, they are secondary to ensuring adequate tissue perfusion in this scenario.

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