HESI LPN
Community Health HESI Practice Exam
1. Which statement specifically describes occupational health nursing?
- A. Involves prevention, recognition, and treatment of injury and illness
- B. All of these
- C. The application of nursing principles in conserving the health of workers in all occupations
- D. Requires special skills in the field of health, education, and counseling
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Occupational health nursing involves all aspects mentioned in the statements: prevention, recognition, treatment of injury and illness, application of nursing principles in conserving workers' health, and the requirement of special skills in health, education, and counseling. Choice A focuses on prevention, recognition, and treatment but does not encompass all aspects of occupational health nursing. Choice C only mentions the application of nursing principles without including prevention and treatment. Choice D specifically highlights the need for special skills but does not cover all the aspects of occupational health nursing.
2. A client is admitted with a diagnosis of myocardial infarction (MI). Which intervention is a priority during the acute phase?
- A. Administer morphine for pain relief
- B. Encourage the client to perform isometric exercises
- C. Position the client flat in bed
- D. Restrict fluid intake
Correct answer: A
Rationale: During the acute phase of a myocardial infarction (MI), the priority intervention is to administer morphine for pain relief. Morphine not only alleviates pain but also reduces myocardial oxygen demand, which is crucial in the management of MI. Encouraging the client to perform isometric exercises (choice B) can increase myocardial oxygen demand and should be avoided during the acute phase. Positioning the client flat in bed (choice C) may worsen symptoms by increasing venous return and workload on the heart. Restricting fluid intake (choice D) is not a priority intervention during the acute phase of MI; maintaining adequate hydration is important for organ perfusion.
3. What is the softening and thinning of the cervix during labor known as?
- A. Dilation
- B. Symphysis
- C. Effacement
- D. Hyperplasia
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Effacement is the correct term for the softening and thinning of the cervix during labor. It is the process where the cervix becomes thinner, allowing it to stretch and open as labor progresses. Choice A, 'Dilation,' is incorrect as it refers to the opening of the cervix. Choice B, 'Symphysis,' is incorrect as it refers to the joint that connects the two pubic bones. Choice D, 'Hyperplasia,' is incorrect as it refers to an increase in the number of cells in an organ or tissue.
4. The nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client who has been prescribed an iron supplement. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching?
- A. I should take the supplement with milk to increase absorption.
- B. I should expect my stools to turn black while taking this supplement.
- C. I should take the supplement with a full glass of water.
- D. I should take the supplement on an empty stomach.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Taking an iron supplement with milk can decrease its absorption, indicating a need for further teaching.
5. A healthcare provider is providing teaching to a client who has a new medication prescription. Which of the following manifestations of a mild allergic reaction should the healthcare provider include?
- A. Ptosis
- B. Hematuria
- C. Urticaria
- D. Nausea
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Urticaria, also known as hives, is a common manifestation of a mild allergic reaction. Ptosis refers to drooping of the eyelid and is not typically associated with allergic reactions. Hematuria indicates blood in the urine and is not a typical allergic reaction symptom. Nausea can occur with various conditions, but it is not a specific manifestation of a mild allergic reaction.