Nursing Elites

1. As a community organizer, the PHN facilitates the planning and implementation of program subjects in the community. In the light of the PHC approach, these programs/projects should be characterized by the following except:

• A. managed by the community leaders/members
• B. managed by non-government organizations for the people to ensure success
• C. compatible with available resources
• D. developmental in nature

Correct answer: B

Rationale: In the context of the PHC approach, programs should be characterized by being managed by community leaders/members (Choice A). This ensures community involvement and ownership. Programs should also be compatible with available resources (Choice C) to be sustainable and effective. Additionally, programs should be developmental in nature (Choice D), focusing on long-term improvements. Choice B is incorrect because programs should not be solely managed by non-government organizations; instead, they should be driven by the community to promote sustainability and empowerment.

2. The home health nursing director is conducting an educational program for registered nurses and practical nurses about Medicare reimbursement. To obtain payment for Medicare services, what must be included in the client's record?

• A. A prescription from the healthcare provider for each visit made.
• B. Documentation of a skilled care service provided during the visit.
• C. A copy of the client's health history and social security card.
• D. A record of the preventative healthcare services provided during the visit.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Documentation of skilled care services is required for Medicare reimbursement. Medicare reimbursement is based on the provision of skilled care services, not on prescriptions or preventative healthcare services. Including a copy of the client's health history and social security card is not a requirement for Medicare reimbursement.

3. Which of the following health behavior choices are essential to promoting health and preventing diseases?

• A. Getting the right kind of food, adequate sleep, physical activity, and effectively handling stress
• B. Stopping smoking and taking vacations
• C. Making sure that all prescription medications are taken properly and at the right time
• D. Avoiding crowds during flu season

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Proper nutrition, adequate sleep, engaging in physical activity, and effective stress management are crucial for promoting health and preventing diseases. Choices B, C, and D do not encompass the comprehensive approach needed for overall health and disease prevention. Stopping smoking is important for health but is not the only factor to consider. Taking vacations can contribute to well-being but is not a core health behavior choice. Ensuring proper medication intake is essential for managing specific health conditions but does not cover all aspects of health promotion. Avoiding crowds during flu season is a preventive measure for infectious diseases but is not a fundamental health behavior choice for overall well-being.

4. What is the FIRST STEP for thermal protection of a newborn?

• A. Drying the baby thoroughly immediately after birth
• B. Covering the baby with a clean, dry cloth after the cord has been cut
• C. Drying the baby thoroughly after the cord has been cut
• D. Covering the baby with a clean, dry cloth immediately after birth

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct first step for thermal protection of a newborn is to dry the baby thoroughly immediately after birth. This helps prevent heat loss and is crucial in maintaining the baby's body temperature. Choice B, covering the baby with a clean, dry cloth after the cord has been cut, is not the initial step as drying the baby comes first. Choice C, drying the baby thoroughly after the cord has been cut, is also not the first step. Choice D, covering the baby with a clean, dry cloth immediately after birth, is not as effective as drying the baby to prevent heat loss.

5. Which of the following is a major focus of tertiary prevention?

• A. Preventing the onset of disease
• B. Early detection and treatment
• C. Reducing the impact of an ongoing illness
• D. Health education

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, 'Reducing the impact of an ongoing illness.' Tertiary prevention aims to minimize the effects of a disease or condition that is already established. Choices A, 'Preventing the onset of disease,' and B, 'Early detection and treatment,' are aspects of primary and secondary prevention, respectively. Choice D, 'Health education,' is more related to promoting awareness and knowledge rather than specifically focusing on reducing the impact of an ongoing illness.

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