as a community organizer the phn facilitates the planning and implementation of program subjects in the community in the light of the phc approach the
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HESI LPN

Community Health HESI Practice Exam

1. As a community organizer, the PHN facilitates the planning and implementation of program subjects in the community. In the light of the PHC approach, these programs/projects should be characterized by the following except:

Correct answer: B

Rationale: In the context of the PHC approach, programs should be characterized by being managed by community leaders/members (Choice A). This ensures community involvement and ownership. Programs should also be compatible with available resources (Choice C) to be sustainable and effective. Additionally, programs should be developmental in nature (Choice D), focusing on long-term improvements. Choice B is incorrect because programs should not be solely managed by non-government organizations; instead, they should be driven by the community to promote sustainability and empowerment.

2. The nurse is screening children at a local community health clinic for infectious diseases. Which child is at highest risk for hepatitis B virus (HBV)?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: a newborn. Newborns are at the highest risk for HBV due to potential transmission from the mother. The hepatitis B virus can be transmitted from an infected mother to her baby during childbirth. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because newborns have a higher risk due to this mode of transmission, making them more vulnerable compared to older children.

3. A nurse organizes a community action group to help resolve health problems in a low-income neighborhood with a large population of recent immigrants from Africa. What problem should the nurse address first?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Low immunization rate of children. Addressing low immunization rates is crucial as it directly impacts the health of children and the community by preventing the spread of infectious diseases. Option A, high rate of unemployment, though important for overall well-being, is not the most immediate health concern. Option C, provision of substandard health care, is a significant issue but may not be as urgent as ensuring children are immunized. Option D, access to bilingual care providers, is important for effective communication but is not as critical as addressing low immunization rates in this scenario.

4. What is a priority goal of involuntary hospitalization of the severely mentally ill client?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Protection from harm to self or others.' Involuntary hospitalization is primarily aimed at ensuring the safety of the individual and others. Re-orientation to reality (choice A) may be a goal of treatment but not the primary goal of involuntary hospitalization. Elimination of symptoms (choice B) and development of self-care skills (choice D) are important aspects of treatment but are secondary to the immediate priority of ensuring safety in cases of severe mental illness.

5. In a long term rehabilitation care unit a client with spinal cord injury complains of a pounding headache. The client is sitting in a wheelchair watching television in the assigned room. Further assessment by the nurse reveals excessive sweating, a splotchy rash, pilomotor erection, facial flushing, congested nasal passages and a heart rate of 50. The nurse should do which action next?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: These symptoms suggest autonomic dysreflexia, often triggered by bladder distention.

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