Nursing Elites

1. When demonstrating an empathic presence to a client, which of the following actions should the nurse take?

• A. Use an open posture
• B. Write down what the client says for accurate documentation
• C. Establish and maintain eye contact
• D. Nod in agreement with the client throughout the conversation

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Using an open posture is crucial when demonstrating empathy to a client. This body language conveys openness, understanding, and a willingness to listen, creating a safe space for the client to express themselves. Establishing and maintaining eye contact is also important as it fosters a sense of connection and validation for the client. Writing down what the client says is essential for accurate documentation and memory but does not directly contribute to demonstrating empathic presence. Nodding in agreement with the client throughout the conversation may show attentiveness, but it does not necessarily reflect empathy or active listening as it could be misinterpreted as simply agreeing with what is being said.

2. A healthcare professional is planning teaching for a group of adolescents who each recently had surgical placement of an ostomy. Which of the following methods should the healthcare professional use as a psychomotor approach to learning?

• A. Practice sessions
• B. Demonstrations
• C. Written instructions
• D. Group discussions

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Practice sessions are an effective psychomotor approach to learning for adolescents with ostomies as they involve hands-on practice of ostomy care skills, which can help reinforce learning through active engagement. Demonstrations (choice B) can be helpful in providing visual guidance but may not offer the same level of active participation and practice as practice sessions. Written instructions (choice C) may be useful for reference but may not be as effective in developing psychomotor skills. Group discussions (choice D) focus more on verbal exchange and may not directly address the need for hands-on skill development required in managing ostomies. Therefore, practice sessions are the most suitable method for enhancing psychomotor learning in this scenario.

3. A client with diabetes mellitus and a new prescription for insulin is being discharged. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to complete first?

• A. Provide the client with printed information on insulin self-administration.
• B. Obtain printed information on insulin self-administration.
• C. Make a copy of the medication reconciliation form for the client.
• D. Determine whether the client can afford the insulin administration supplies.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Obtaining printed information on insulin self-administration should be the nurse's first priority. This action ensures that the client has the necessary knowledge to safely self-administer insulin at home. Providing the client with printed information (Choice A) is essential to empower the client with the required knowledge before considering additional resources. Making a copy of the medication reconciliation form for the client (Choice C) is important for documentation purposes but not as urgent as ensuring the client's understanding of insulin administration. Determining the client's ability to afford insulin administration supplies (Choice D) is crucial but should follow after ensuring the client is equipped with the necessary information for safe self-administration.

4. A healthcare provider is caring for several clients who are receiving oxygen therapy. Which client should the provider assess most frequently for manifestations of oxygen toxicity?

• A. 100% oxygen via partial rebreathing mask
• B. 2 liters per minute via nasal cannula
• C. 4 liters per minute via simple mask
• D. 6 liters per minute via face mask

Correct answer: A

Rationale: When a client is receiving 100% oxygen via a partial rebreathing mask, there is a higher risk for oxygen toxicity due to the higher concentration of oxygen delivered. This client should be assessed most frequently for manifestations of oxygen toxicity. Choices B, C, and D are less likely to result in oxygen toxicity compared to 100% oxygen delivery via a partial rebreathing mask.

5. A client is being taught about dietary management of hypercholesterolemia. Which of the following foods should be suggested to add to the diet?

• A. Avocados
• B. Fried chicken
• C. Whole milk
• D. Bacon

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Avocados are a good choice to suggest adding to the diet of a client with hypercholesterolemia because they are high in healthy fats, particularly monounsaturated fats, which can help manage cholesterol levels. On the other hand, fried chicken, whole milk, and bacon are high in saturated fats and cholesterol, which should be limited in a diet aimed at managing hypercholesterolemia. Therefore, choices B, C, and D are incorrect.

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