Nursing Elites

1. What should be monitored closely in a child receiving chemotherapy?

• A. Blood glucose levels
• B. White blood cell count
• C. Blood pressure
• D. Heart rate

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: White blood cell count. During chemotherapy, it is crucial to monitor the white blood cell count closely to detect potential neutropenia (low white blood cell count) and the associated risk of infections. Monitoring blood glucose levels (Choice A) is important for diabetic management and not directly related to chemotherapy. Blood pressure (Choice C) and heart rate (Choice D) are essential vital signs to monitor but are not the primary focus when monitoring a child receiving chemotherapy.

2. How should a healthcare provider manage a child with newly diagnosed congenital hypothyroidism?

• A. Monitor for signs of hyperactivity
• B. Ensure regular thyroid hormone replacement therapy
• C. Encourage a high-calcium diet
• D. Increase physical exercise

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Correct Answer: Ensuring regular thyroid hormone replacement therapy is crucial for managing congenital hypothyroidism in children. This therapy supports normal growth and development by replacing the deficient thyroid hormones. Monitoring for signs of hyperactivity (Choice A) is not the primary management for congenital hypothyroidism; rather, the focus should be on addressing the hormone deficiency. Encouraging a high-calcium diet (Choice C) may not directly address the thyroid hormone deficiency characteristic of congenital hypothyroidism. Increasing physical exercise (Choice D) is not the mainstay treatment for this condition; hormone replacement therapy is the cornerstone of management.

3. How should a caregiver manage a child with a newly diagnosed hearing impairment?

• A. Increase the volume of all auditory stimuli
• B. Refer for audiologic evaluation and intervention
• C. Avoid using any assistive devices
• D. Encourage frequent use of headphones

Correct answer: B

Rationale: When a child is newly diagnosed with a hearing impairment, it is essential to refer them for audiologic evaluation and intervention. This step is crucial to accurately assess the extent of the impairment, determine appropriate interventions, and support the child's communication and development. Increasing the volume of all auditory stimuli (choice A) is not a recommended approach as it may not address the specific needs of the child and could potentially cause discomfort. Avoiding the use of assistive devices (choice C) can hinder the child's ability to communicate effectively. Encouraging frequent use of headphones (choice D) is also not advisable as it may not be suitable for managing hearing impairments and could potentially worsen the condition.

4. Which characteristic is most typical of a chronic disease?

• A. It has a rapid onset.
• B. It rarely has noticeable symptoms.
• C. It produces sharp pains.
• D. It progresses gradually.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Chronic diseases are characterized by a gradual progression over time, affecting individuals for an extended period. Option A is incorrect as chronic diseases do not have a rapid onset like acute conditions. Option B is incorrect as chronic diseases often manifest noticeable symptoms. Option C is incorrect as sharp pains are not a defining characteristic of chronic diseases. Chronic diseases can present a variety of symptoms depending on the specific condition, but gradual progression is a common feature distinguishing them from acute illnesses.

5. What is an important nursing intervention for a child with a newly inserted central venous catheter?

• A. Regularly monitor for signs of infection
• B. Administer intravenous fluids only as ordered
• C. Restrict the child's movement
• D. Perform daily dressing changes only

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Regularly monitoring for signs of infection is a critical nursing intervention for a child with a newly inserted central venous catheter. This intervention is essential to detect any early signs of infection, such as redness, swelling, or drainage at the catheter site, which can lead to serious complications like sepsis. Administering intravenous fluids as ordered is important but not the most crucial intervention for a newly inserted central venous catheter. Restricting the child's movement is unnecessary unless specified by the healthcare provider. Performing daily dressing changes alone is not sufficient to ensure the catheter's integrity and the child's safety; monitoring for signs of infection is key.

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