Nursing Elites

1. What is an important aspect of care for a child with congenital heart disease?

• A. Restricting physical activity
• B. Increasing fluid intake
• C. Administering high doses of vitamins
• D. Monitoring growth and development

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Monitoring growth and development is crucial for children with congenital heart disease to ensure they are meeting developmental milestones and managing the disease effectively. This helps healthcare providers assess the child's overall health, detect any potential issues early, and adjust treatment plans accordingly. Restricting physical activity may not be necessary for all children with congenital heart disease and should be determined by their healthcare team based on individual needs. Increasing fluid intake and administering high doses of vitamins may not be directly related to managing congenital heart disease and should be guided by specific recommendations from healthcare providers.

2. What is a common sign of dehydration in infants?

• A. Decreased urination
• B. Dry mouth and lips
• C. Increased appetite
• D. Normal skin turgor

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Dry mouth and lips are common signs of dehydration in infants. When an infant is dehydrated, the body conserves water, resulting in less urine production and concentrated urine. This leads to decreased frequency of urination rather than frequent urination, making choice A incorrect. Choice C, increased appetite, is not typically associated with dehydration in infants but rather with normal growth and development. Normal skin turgor, as mentioned in choice D, is a sign of hydration and not dehydration, making it an incorrect choice. Therefore, the correct answer is B, dry mouth and lips, which indicate a need for fluid replacement.

3. By chemical analysis, what nutrient is present in the highest amounts in most foods?

• A. fats
• B. water
• C. proteins
• D. carbohydrates

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Water is the most abundant nutrient in many foods. Water content varies across different foods, but in general, it is present in the highest amounts. Fats (Choice A) are essential but are not found in higher amounts compared to water. Proteins (Choice C) and carbohydrates (Choice D) are also important nutrients, but they are typically found in lower quantities in most foods compared to water.

4. How does a double-blind experiment work?

• A. Both subject groups take turns receiving each treatment.
• B. Neither subjects nor researchers know which subjects are in the control or experimental group.
• C. Neither group of subjects knows whether they are in the control or experimental group, but the researchers do not know.
• D. Both subject groups know whether they are in the control or experimental group, but the researchers do not know.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. In a double-blind experiment, neither the subjects nor the researchers know which subjects are in the control or experimental group. This helps to eliminate bias and ensure that the results are more objective. Choice A is incorrect as in a double-blind experiment, subjects do not take turns receiving each treatment; it is about masking the treatment allocation. Choice C is incorrect because it implies that the researchers are aware of the group allocation, which goes against the principle of blinding in a double-blind study. Choice D is incorrect as both subject groups should not know whether they are in the control or experimental group to maintain the blindness of the study.

5. What is one major weakness of a laboratory-based study?

• A. The costs are typically prohibitive.
• B. Findings are difficult to replicate.
• C. Results from animal testing cannot be applied to human beings.
• D. Experimental variables cannot be easily controlled.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: One major weakness of laboratory-based studies is that results from animal testing cannot always be applied to human beings. This limitation arises due to the inherent biological differences between animals and humans, making the generalization of findings challenging. While costs may be a concern in some cases, they do not represent a universal weakness of laboratory-based studies. Findings in such studies can be replicated to ensure validity, and experimental variables can be effectively controlled in a laboratory setting. Choice C is the correct answer because the translatability of results from animal studies to humans is a significant challenge in laboratory-based research, impacting the direct application of findings to human health and well-being.

Similar Questions