Nursing Elites

1. Gram for gram, which class of nutrient provides the most energy?

• A. fats
• B. alcohols
• C. proteins
• D. carbohydrates

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is fats. Fats provide 9 kilocalories per gram, which is more energy-dense compared to proteins and carbohydrates. While proteins and carbohydrates provide 4 kilocalories per gram, fats provide more than twice the energy, making them the most energy-providing nutrient. Alcohols are not considered essential nutrients and do not provide energy for the body, unlike fats, proteins, and carbohydrates. Therefore, fats are the correct answer for the most energy-providing nutrient.

2. What is a common early sign of RSV (respiratory syncytial virus) in infants?

• A. High fever
• B. Nasal congestion
• C. Rash
• D. Jaundice

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Nasal congestion is a common early sign of RSV in infants, often accompanied by cough and wheezing. High fever, rash, and jaundice are not typically associated with RSV. While RSV can lead to fever, it is usually not one of the earliest signs. Rash and jaundice are unrelated to RSV symptoms.

3. What is the appropriate intervention for a child with an undescended testicle?

• A. Wait until puberty
• B. Perform an orchidopexy
• C. Administer hormone therapy
• D. Increase physical activity

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The appropriate intervention for a child with an undescended testicle is to perform an orchidopexy. This surgical procedure is recommended if the testicle has not descended naturally within the first year of life. Waiting until puberty is not advised as early intervention is crucial for optimal outcomes. Administering hormone therapy is not the first-line treatment for an undescended testicle and is typically not recommended. Increasing physical activity does not address the underlying issue of an undescended testicle and is not a suitable intervention.

4. What is one function of water in the human body?

• A. Water provides calories for energy.
• B. Water helps transport nutrients and waste products.
• C. Water acts as a solvent for many biological reactions.
• D. Water maintains body temperature.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Water helps transport nutrients and waste products. Water plays a crucial role in the body by aiding in the transportation of essential nutrients to cells and removing waste products. While water is essential for various metabolic processes, it does not provide calories for energy (choice A). Although water can act as a solvent for biological reactions (choice C), its primary function is not as a solvent. Additionally, while water does help in regulating body temperature to some extent, its main role is not to maintain body temperature (choice D).

5. What is the smallest amount of a nutrient that, when consumed over a prolonged period, maintains a specific function?

• A. nutrient allowance
• B. nutrient requirement
• C. nutrient tolerable limit
• D. nutrient adequate intake

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is 'B: nutrient requirement.' The nutrient requirement refers to the smallest amount of a nutrient that, when consumed over a prolonged period, maintains a specific function in the body. This amount ensures the body's optimal functioning and health. Choice A, 'nutrient allowance,' is incorrect as it does not specifically refer to the minimum amount needed for bodily functions but rather suggests a broader term. Choice C, 'nutrient tolerable limit,' is incorrect as it pertains to the maximum amount of a nutrient that can be consumed without adverse effects. Choice D, 'nutrient adequate intake,' is incorrect as it refers to the recommended average daily intake level of a nutrient to meet the requirements of most healthy individuals.

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