what role do fats play in the human body

HESI LPN

Nutrition Final Exam Quizlet

1. What role do fats play in the human body?

A. They provide a concentrated source of energy.
B. They are the building blocks of enzymes and hormones.
C. They are essential for brain function and development.
D. They aid in the digestion of food.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Fats play various essential roles in the human body, one of which is aiding in the digestion of food. While fats do provide a concentrated source of energy, the primary source is carbohydrates. Proteins are the building blocks of enzymes and hormones, not fats. Essential fatty acids found in fats are vital for brain function and development, but this is not the primary role of fats in the body.

2. Parents of a 6-month-old child, diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia, ask why it was not diagnosed earlier. What should the nurse say?

A. Are you sure your child has iron deficiency anemia?
B. Maternal stores of iron are depleted at about 6 months.
C. This anemia is caused by blood loss.
D. The child may not have had it for a long time.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Maternal stores of iron are depleted at about 6 months.' Iron deficiency anemia becomes apparent around 6 months of age when the infant's iron stores, primarily received from the mother during pregnancy, are depleted. This timing coincides with the introduction of solid foods, which may lack sufficient iron. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not address the specific reason why iron deficiency anemia is typically diagnosed around 6 months of age.

3. What dietary recommendation should be made to a child with iron-deficiency anemia?

A. Increase intake of dairy products
B. Include high-iron foods like spinach and meat
C. Decrease protein intake
D. Avoid all grains

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct recommendation for a child with iron-deficiency anemia is to include high-iron foods like spinach, red meat, and beans in their diet. These foods are rich sources of iron and can help address the deficiency. Choice A is incorrect as dairy products do not provide significant iron content. Choice C is incorrect because protein intake does not need to be decreased; in fact, lean meats are good sources of iron. Choice D is also incorrect as whole grains can be a part of a healthy diet and do not need to be avoided in this case.

4. How should a healthcare provider approach the care of a child with a suspected fracture?

A. Immobilize the affected limb and seek medical evaluation
B. Apply heat to the injury
C. Allow the child to continue normal activity
D. Administer over-the-counter pain relief only

Correct answer: A

Rationale: When a child is suspected to have a fracture, it is essential to immobilize the affected limb to prevent further injury. Seeking immediate medical evaluation is crucial for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Applying heat to a suspected fracture can worsen the condition by increasing swelling and pain. Allowing the child to continue normal activity can lead to further damage. Administering only over-the-counter pain relief is insufficient and does not address the need for immobilization and professional evaluation.

5. What is a common early sign of RSV (respiratory syncytial virus) in infants?

A. High fever
B. Nasal congestion
C. Rash
D. Jaundice

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Nasal congestion is a common early sign of RSV in infants, often accompanied by cough and wheezing. High fever, rash, and jaundice are not typically associated with RSV. While RSV can lead to fever, it is usually not one of the earliest signs. Rash and jaundice are unrelated to RSV symptoms.