Nursing Elites

1. What is an important aspect of managing a child with chronic kidney disease?

• A. Monitoring electrolyte levels
• B. Increasing protein intake
• C. Limiting fluid intake
• D. Encouraging a high-fat diet

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Monitoring electrolyte levels is crucial in managing chronic kidney disease in children because imbalances can lead to serious complications. Electrolyte levels must be carefully monitored to prevent issues such as electrolyte abnormalities, which can further impact kidney function and overall health. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because increasing protein intake, limiting fluid intake, and encouraging a high-fat diet can exacerbate kidney disease in children by putting extra strain on their kidneys or causing other health problems.

2. What is a common symptom of congenital heart disease in infants?

• A. Excessive weight gain
• B. Difficulty breathing
• C. High blood pressure
• D. Increased appetite

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Difficulty breathing is a common symptom of congenital heart disease in infants. Infants with congenital heart disease may experience difficulty breathing due to impaired cardiac function, which affects the heart's ability to pump blood effectively. This symptom is often due to issues like heart failure or fluid accumulation in the lungs. Excessive weight gain (Choice A) is not typically associated with congenital heart disease in infants. High blood pressure (Choice C) is less common in infants with congenital heart disease compared to adults. Increased appetite (Choice D) is not a typical symptom of congenital heart disease in infants.

3. What is the main function of proteins in the body?

• A. They provide structural components for the body.
• B. They assist in the absorption of vitamins.
• C. They help with the transport of nutrients in the blood.
• D. They help maintain fluid balance in the body.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The main function of proteins in the body is to provide structural components like muscles, skin, and bones. Proteins are essential for growth, repair, and maintenance of body tissues. While proteins play a role in various physiological functions, their primary function is not to assist in the absorption of vitamins (Choice B), help with the transport of nutrients in the blood (Choice C), or maintain fluid balance (Choice D).

4. What should the nurse anticipate as challenging in caring for a child with acute glomerulonephritis?

• A. Forced fluids
• B. Increased feedings
• C. Bed rest
• D. Frequent position changes

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Bed rest. Implementing bed rest can be challenging, especially in active children, but it's necessary to manage the symptoms of acute glomerulonephritis. Forced fluids (choice A) may be required to maintain hydration but are not typically challenging. Increased feedings (choice B) and frequent position changes (choice D) are not primary interventions in the care of a child with acute glomerulonephritis.

5. What is one benefit of using controls in an experiment?

• A. The size of the groups does not matter.
• B. The subjects are unaware of the experiment's details.
• C. The subjects who are treated are balanced against the placebos.
• D. The subjects are similar in all respects except for the treatment being tested.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Controls in an experiment ensure that the subjects are similar in all respects except for the treatment being tested. This allows for a fair comparison between the treatment group and the control group. Choice A is incorrect because the size of the groups is not the primary benefit of using controls. Choice B is incorrect as blinding, not controls, refers to subjects not knowing about the experiment. Choice C is incorrect as it pertains more to randomization than the use of controls.

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