Nursing Elites

1. What is an important aspect of care for a child with congenital adrenal hyperplasia?

• A. Monitoring electrolyte levels
• B. Restricting physical activity
• C. Administering high doses of vitamin A
• D. Providing a high-protein diet

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Monitoring electrolyte levels. In the management of congenital adrenal hyperplasia, it is crucial to monitor electrolyte levels to prevent imbalances and related complications. Restricting physical activity (choice B) is not a typical aspect of care for this condition. Administering high doses of vitamin A (choice C) is not a standard treatment for congenital adrenal hyperplasia and can be harmful in excess. Providing a high-protein diet (choice D) may be beneficial for some conditions but is not a specific requirement for managing congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

2. Which of the following best describes the purpose of dietary guidelines?

• A. To ensure food safety and sanitation.
• B. To promote overall health and reduce the risk of chronic diseases.
• C. To prevent foodborne illnesses.
• D. To provide recommendations for physical activity.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'To promote overall health and reduce the risk of chronic diseases.' Dietary guidelines aim to improve public health by providing recommendations on dietary patterns and nutrient intake. While ensuring food safety and sanitation (choice A) is important, it is not the primary purpose of dietary guidelines. Preventing foodborne illnesses (choice C) is more related to food safety practices rather than dietary guidelines. Recommendations for physical activity (choice D) are important for overall health but are separate from dietary guidelines, which primarily focus on nutrition.

3. How many vitamins are known to be required in the diet of human beings?

• A. 5
• B. 8
• C. 10
• D. 13

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: 13. There are 13 essential vitamins required in the diet of human beings, including vitamins A, C, D, E, K, and the B vitamins. Choice A (5), Choice B (8), and Choice C (10) are incorrect because they do not represent the total number of essential vitamins needed by human beings.

4. Which characteristic is most typical of a chronic disease?

• A. It has a rapid onset.
• B. It rarely has noticeable symptoms.
• C. It produces sharp pains.
• D. It progresses gradually.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Chronic diseases are characterized by a gradual progression over time, affecting individuals for an extended period. Option A is incorrect as chronic diseases do not have a rapid onset like acute conditions. Option B is incorrect as chronic diseases often manifest noticeable symptoms. Option C is incorrect as sharp pains are not a defining characteristic of chronic diseases. Chronic diseases can present a variety of symptoms depending on the specific condition, but gradual progression is a common feature distinguishing them from acute illnesses.

5. What is the appropriate intervention for a child with an undescended testicle?

• A. Wait until puberty
• B. Perform an orchidopexy
• C. Administer hormone therapy
• D. Increase physical activity

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The appropriate intervention for a child with an undescended testicle is to perform an orchidopexy. This surgical procedure is recommended if the testicle has not descended naturally within the first year of life. Waiting until puberty is not advised as early intervention is crucial for optimal outcomes. Administering hormone therapy is not the first-line treatment for an undescended testicle and is typically not recommended. Increasing physical activity does not address the underlying issue of an undescended testicle and is not a suitable intervention.

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