Nursing Elites

1. In the scientific method, a tentative solution to a problem is called a what?

• A. theory
• B. prediction
• C. hypothesis
• D. correlation

Correct answer: C

Rationale: In the scientific method, a hypothesis is a tentative solution or educated guess that is tested through research. A theory (choice A) is a well-substantiated explanation based on evidence and extensive testing. A prediction (choice B) is a statement about what will happen in the future based on existing knowledge. Correlation (choice D) refers to a mutual relationship between two or more things, indicating how they may change together but not providing a solution to a problem.

2. What should the nurse anticipate as challenging in caring for a child with acute glomerulonephritis?

• A. Forced fluids
• B. Increased feedings
• C. Bed rest
• D. Frequent position changes

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Bed rest. Implementing bed rest can be challenging, especially in active children, but it's necessary to manage the symptoms of acute glomerulonephritis. Forced fluids (choice A) may be required to maintain hydration but are not typically challenging. Increased feedings (choice B) and frequent position changes (choice D) are not primary interventions in the care of a child with acute glomerulonephritis.

3. How should a healthcare professional handle a child with a new diagnosis of ADHD?

• A. Provide behavioral therapy and support
• B. Increase sugar intake
• C. Restrict all forms of exercise
• D. Avoid medication use

Correct answer: A

Rationale: When dealing with a child newly diagnosed with ADHD, providing behavioral therapy and support is crucial. This approach helps the child learn coping strategies, improve social skills, and manage their symptoms effectively. Choice B, increasing sugar intake, is incorrect as there is no evidence linking sugar consumption to ADHD. Choice C, restricting all forms of exercise, is inappropriate as regular physical activity can actually benefit children with ADHD by helping them release excess energy and improve focus. Choice D, avoiding medication use, may not be the best course of action as medication prescribed by a healthcare professional can sometimes be beneficial in managing ADHD symptoms when combined with other therapies.

4. What is an important dietary consideration for a child with celiac disease?

• A. Increased iron intake
• B. Gluten-free diet
• C. High-protein diet
• D. Low-sodium diet

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A gluten-free diet is crucial for managing celiac disease in children because it helps prevent intestinal damage and alleviate symptoms. Gluten is a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye, and it triggers an immune response in individuals with celiac disease, damaging the lining of the small intestine. Therefore, choices A, C, and D are incorrect. While iron intake is important for overall health, a child with celiac disease can still meet their iron needs through sources that are naturally gluten-free or fortified. A high-protein diet or a low-sodium diet are not specifically required for managing celiac disease.

5. A child develops a strong dislike of noodle soup after consuming a bowl while sick with the flu. Her reaction is an example of a food-related ___.

• A. habit
• B. social interaction
• C. emotional turmoil
• D. negative association

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is 'negative association.' A negative association occurs when a person develops a dislike for a food due to a past negative experience, such as getting sick after eating it. In this case, the child's dislike of noodle soup is specifically linked to the negative experience of consuming it while sick with the flu. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because the situation described does not relate to habit formation, social interactions, or emotional turmoil, but rather to a learned aversion based on a specific negative event.

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