Nursing Elites

1. In the scientific method, a tentative solution to a problem is called a what?

• A. theory
• B. prediction
• C. hypothesis
• D. correlation

Correct answer: C

Rationale: In the scientific method, a hypothesis is a tentative solution or educated guess that is tested through research. A theory (choice A) is a well-substantiated explanation based on evidence and extensive testing. A prediction (choice B) is a statement about what will happen in the future based on existing knowledge. Correlation (choice D) refers to a mutual relationship between two or more things, indicating how they may change together but not providing a solution to a problem.

2. Which lab result should be abnormal in a child with hemophilia?

• A. Prothrombin time
• B. Bleeding time
• C. Platelet count
• D. Partial thromboplastin time

Correct answer: D

Rationale: In a child with hemophilia, the lab result that should be abnormal is the partial thromboplastin time (PTT). Hemophilia is a disorder that affects the clotting factors in the intrinsic pathway of coagulation, leading to a prolonged PTT. Prothrombin time (Choice A) assesses the extrinsic pathway and should be normal in hemophilia. Bleeding time (Choice B) evaluates platelet function, which is typically normal in hemophilia. Platelet count (Choice C) measures the number of platelets and is not directly affected by hemophilia.

3. What is a common clinical manifestation of Kawasaki disease?

• A. Severe headaches
• B. High fever lasting more than 5 days
• C. Chronic cough
• D. Severe abdominal pain

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A high fever lasting more than 5 days is a common clinical manifestation of Kawasaki disease. This fever is often accompanied by other symptoms such as rash and conjunctivitis. Severe headaches (Choice A), chronic cough (Choice C), and severe abdominal pain (Choice D) are not typically associated with Kawasaki disease, making them incorrect choices.

4. How should a healthcare professional manage a child with scabies?

• A. Use topical permethrin cream
• B. Administer oral antibiotics
• C. Apply topical antifungals
• D. Provide supportive care only

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Corrected Rationale: Topical permethrin cream is the appropriate treatment for scabies as it effectively kills the mites causing the infestation. Oral antibiotics are not indicated for scabies as it is not a bacterial infection. Topical antifungals are used to treat fungal infections, not scabies. Providing supportive care only would not address the underlying cause of scabies, which is the mite infestation.

5. How many minerals are known to be essential for human nutrition?

• A. 8
• B. 12
• C. 16
• D. 20

Correct answer: C

Rationale: There are 16 essential minerals required for human nutrition. These minerals include calcium, potassium, iron, and others. Choice A (8) is incorrect as it underestimates the number of essential minerals. Choice B (12) is also incorrect as it does not encompass the full count of essential minerals. Choice D (20) is incorrect as it overestimates the number of essential minerals.

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