Nursing Elites

1. In the scientific method, a tentative solution to a problem is called a what?

• A. theory
• B. prediction
• C. hypothesis
• D. correlation

Correct answer: C

Rationale: In the scientific method, a hypothesis is a tentative solution or educated guess that is tested through research. A theory (choice A) is a well-substantiated explanation based on evidence and extensive testing. A prediction (choice B) is a statement about what will happen in the future based on existing knowledge. Correlation (choice D) refers to a mutual relationship between two or more things, indicating how they may change together but not providing a solution to a problem.

2. How should a caregiver manage a child with a newly diagnosed hearing impairment?

• A. Increase the volume of all auditory stimuli
• B. Refer for audiologic evaluation and intervention
• C. Avoid using any assistive devices
• D. Encourage frequent use of headphones

Correct answer: B

Rationale: When a child is newly diagnosed with a hearing impairment, it is essential to refer them for audiologic evaluation and intervention. This step is crucial to accurately assess the extent of the impairment, determine appropriate interventions, and support the child's communication and development. Increasing the volume of all auditory stimuli (choice A) is not a recommended approach as it may not address the specific needs of the child and could potentially cause discomfort. Avoiding the use of assistive devices (choice C) can hinder the child's ability to communicate effectively. Encouraging frequent use of headphones (choice D) is also not advisable as it may not be suitable for managing hearing impairments and could potentially worsen the condition.

3. What is a primary intervention for a child with a suspected respiratory infection?

• A. Administer antiviral medications
• B. Increase fluid intake and rest
• C. Restrict all physical activity
• D. Provide high-dose vitamin supplements

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Increasing fluid intake and rest is a primary intervention for a child with a suspected respiratory infection because it helps support the body’s recovery and maintains hydration levels. Antiviral medications (Choice A) are only used for specific viral infections and are not routinely recommended for suspected respiratory infections. Restricting physical activity (Choice C) may be necessary in certain cases to prevent overexertion, but it is not a primary intervention. Providing high-dose vitamin supplements (Choice D) may support the immune system in general but is not a primary intervention for a suspected respiratory infection.

4. How should a healthcare professional handle a child with a new diagnosis of ADHD?

• A. Provide behavioral therapy and support
• B. Increase sugar intake
• C. Restrict all forms of exercise
• D. Avoid medication use

Correct answer: A

Rationale: When dealing with a child newly diagnosed with ADHD, providing behavioral therapy and support is crucial. This approach helps the child learn coping strategies, improve social skills, and manage their symptoms effectively. Choice B, increasing sugar intake, is incorrect as there is no evidence linking sugar consumption to ADHD. Choice C, restricting all forms of exercise, is inappropriate as regular physical activity can actually benefit children with ADHD by helping them release excess energy and improve focus. Choice D, avoiding medication use, may not be the best course of action as medication prescribed by a healthcare professional can sometimes be beneficial in managing ADHD symptoms when combined with other therapies.

5. Following diarrhea, which foods should be offered to the school-age child?

• A. Apricots and peaches
• B. Chocolate milk
• C. Applesauce and milk
• D. Bananas and rice

Correct answer: D

Rationale: After a bout of diarrhea, it is important to offer foods that are gentle on the stomach and help in recovery. Bananas and rice are commonly recommended as they are easily digestible and can help firm up stools. Apricots, peaches, and applesauce may be too acidic and fibrous, potentially aggravating the stomach. Chocolate milk is high in sugar and can worsen diarrhea due to its lactose content.

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