Nursing Elites

1. What is a common sign of an allergic reaction in children?

• A. Persistent cough
• B. Skin rash or hives
• C. Increased appetite
• D. Low-grade fever

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Skin rash or hives are common signs of an allergic reaction in children, often following exposure to allergens. While a persistent cough can occur in some cases, it is not typically a primary sign of an allergic reaction. Increased appetite is unrelated to allergic reactions. A low-grade fever is not a common sign of an allergic reaction but can be present in other conditions like infections.

2. What action should be taken for a 2-year-old with laryngotracheobronchitis in an oxygen tent?

• A. Restrain the child and notify the healthcare provider
• B. Increase the oxygen concentration
• C. Take the child to the playroom
• D. Ask the mother to help in comforting the child

Correct answer: B

Rationale: In laryngotracheobronchitis (croup), a child may become restless due to poor oxygenation. Increasing the oxygen concentration in the oxygen tent is crucial to improve oxygenation levels and manage symptoms effectively. Restraint is not appropriate in this situation, as it may cause distress and worsen the child's condition. Taking the child to the playroom is not indicated when the child requires oxygen therapy. While comforting the child is important, the priority in this scenario is to optimize oxygen delivery to improve respiratory distress.

3. A child develops a strong dislike of noodle soup after consuming a bowl while sick with the flu. Her reaction is an example of a food-related ___.

• A. habit
• B. social interaction
• C. emotional turmoil
• D. negative association

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is 'negative association.' A negative association occurs when a person develops a dislike for a food due to a past negative experience, such as getting sick after eating it. In this case, the child's dislike of noodle soup is specifically linked to the negative experience of consuming it while sick with the flu. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because the situation described does not relate to habit formation, social interactions, or emotional turmoil, but rather to a learned aversion based on a specific negative event.

4. What dietary recommendation should be made to a child with iron-deficiency anemia?

• A. Increase intake of dairy products
• B. Include high-iron foods like spinach and meat
• C. Decrease protein intake
• D. Avoid all grains

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct recommendation for a child with iron-deficiency anemia is to include high-iron foods like spinach, red meat, and beans in their diet. These foods are rich sources of iron and can help address the deficiency. Choice A is incorrect as dairy products do not provide significant iron content. Choice C is incorrect because protein intake does not need to be decreased; in fact, lean meats are good sources of iron. Choice D is also incorrect as whole grains can be a part of a healthy diet and do not need to be avoided in this case.

5. What is a long-term complication of cleft lip and palate?

• A. Cognitive impairment
• B. Altered growth and development
• C. Faulty dentition
• D. Physical abilities

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct long-term complication of cleft lip and palate is faulty dentition. Individuals with cleft lip and palate may experience dental issues such as missing, extra, or misaligned teeth, which can affect speech and the aesthetic appearance of the mouth. Cognitive impairment, as mentioned in choice A, is not a typical long-term complication associated with cleft lip and palate. While altered growth and development (choice B) can be affected during early stages, it is not a prominent long-term complication. Choice D, physical abilities, is not directly related to the typical long-term complications of cleft lip and palate.

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