Nursing Elites

1. What is a common sign of an allergic reaction in children?

• A. Persistent cough
• B. Skin rash or hives
• C. Increased appetite
• D. Low-grade fever

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Skin rash or hives are common signs of an allergic reaction in children, often following exposure to allergens. While a persistent cough can occur in some cases, it is not typically a primary sign of an allergic reaction. Increased appetite is unrelated to allergic reactions. A low-grade fever is not a common sign of an allergic reaction but can be present in other conditions like infections.

2. What should be a priority for a 4-year-old child with nephrosis?

• A. Impaired body image
• B. Skin impairment
• C. Nutritional deficit
• D. Injury

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Skin impairment. Skin care is a priority in nephrosis due to edema and increased risk of skin breakdown, requiring careful monitoring and management. While impaired body image (Choice A) can be a concern, it is not typically a priority in a 4-year-old with nephrosis. Nutritional deficit (Choice C) is important but addressing skin impairment takes precedence due to the immediate risk of complications related to skin breakdown. Injury (Choice D) is a general concern for children but is not the priority in a child with nephrosis.

3. How should pain be assessed in a nonverbal child?

• A. Ask the parents about the child’s usual behavior
• B. Observe the child’s facial expressions and body movements
• C. Measure the child’s blood pressure
• D. Use a pain rating scale for older children

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Observing the nonverbal child's facial expressions and body movements is crucial in assessing pain. Nonverbal children may not be able to communicate their discomfort verbally, making it essential to rely on physical cues. Asking parents about the child's usual behavior (choice A) may provide some insight but observing the child directly is more direct and reliable. Measuring blood pressure (choice C) is not typically a direct method for assessing pain in nonverbal children. Using a pain rating scale designed for older children (choice D) is also inappropriate for nonverbal children who cannot participate in such self-reporting tools.

4. What is a crucial aspect of managing a child with cystic fibrosis?

• A. High-sugar diet
• B. Daily chest physiotherapy
• C. Frequent use of antacids
• D. Limiting fluid intake

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Daily chest physiotherapy is crucial in managing cystic fibrosis as it helps clear mucus from the lungs, improves respiratory function, and reduces the risk of lung infections. High-sugar diets are not recommended for individuals with cystic fibrosis as they can contribute to mucus production, exacerbating respiratory issues. Frequent use of antacids is not a primary treatment for cystic fibrosis, as it does not address the underlying lung issues. Limiting fluid intake is not typically advised for individuals with cystic fibrosis, as adequate hydration is essential for maintaining lung function and thinning mucus secretions.

5. What is a long-term complication of cleft lip and palate?

• A. Cognitive impairment
• B. Altered growth and development
• C. Faulty dentition
• D. Physical abilities

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct long-term complication of cleft lip and palate is faulty dentition. Individuals with cleft lip and palate may experience dental issues such as missing, extra, or misaligned teeth, which can affect speech and the aesthetic appearance of the mouth. Cognitive impairment, as mentioned in choice A, is not a typical long-term complication associated with cleft lip and palate. While altered growth and development (choice B) can be affected during early stages, it is not a prominent long-term complication. Choice D, physical abilities, is not directly related to the typical long-term complications of cleft lip and palate.

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