Nursing Elites

1. The mother of a 5-year-old boy with a myelomeningocele who has developed a sensitivity to latex is being taught by the nurse. Which response from his mother indicates a need for further teaching?

• A. He needs to wear a medical alert identification.
• B. I will need to inform his caregivers about this.
• C. A product's label always indicates if it is latex-free.
• D. He should avoid all contact with latex.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Choice C indicates a need for further teaching because not all products are clearly labeled as latex-free. It is essential for the mother to understand that she should not solely rely on product labels to determine latex content. She should be encouraged to verify with manufacturers and consult healthcare providers for accurate information. Choices A, B, and D are correct responses. Wearing a medical alert identification, informing caregivers, and ensuring the boy avoids all contact with latex are crucial steps in managing his sensitivity to latex and preventing potential allergic reactions.

2. A nurse is providing care to a child with a diagnosis of bronchiolitis. What is the priority nursing intervention?

• A. Administering bronchodilators
• B. Providing respiratory therapy
• C. Monitoring oxygen saturation
• D. Encouraging fluid intake

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is providing respiratory therapy. In bronchiolitis, the priority is to maintain airway patency through interventions such as suctioning, positioning, and oxygen therapy. While bronchodilators may be used in some cases, they are not the initial priority. Monitoring oxygen saturation is important but comes after ensuring airway patency. Encouraging fluid intake is essential for hydration but is not the priority over maintaining a patent airway.

3. Which of the following signs or symptoms is more common in children than adults following head trauma?

• A. nausea and vomiting
• B. altered mental status
• C. tachycardia and diaphoresis
• D. changes in pupillary reaction

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Nausea and vomiting are more common in children following head trauma due to their higher risk of increased intracranial pressure. Children have less space for swelling within the skull compared to adults, making them more prone to experiencing symptoms like nausea and vomiting. Altered mental status and changes in pupillary reaction can also occur in both children and adults following head trauma, but they are not specifically more common in children. Tachycardia and diaphoresis are generally signs of autonomic nervous system activation and may occur in both children and adults, but they are not typically more common in children compared to adults following head trauma.

4. A child with a diagnosis of gastroenteritis is admitted to the hospital. What is the priority nursing intervention?

• A. Monitoring fluid and electrolyte balance
• B. Encouraging regular exercise
• C. Administering antipyretics
• D. Administering antibiotics

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is monitoring fluid and electrolyte balance. Gastroenteritis is characterized by inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract leading to diarrhea and vomiting, which can result in dehydration and electrolyte imbalances. Therefore, the priority nursing intervention is to monitor and maintain the child's fluid and electrolyte balance to prevent complications. Encouraging regular exercise (Choice B) may not be appropriate initially for a child with gastroenteritis who needs rest and fluid replacement. Administering antipyretics (Choice C) is not the priority unless the child has a fever. Administering antibiotics (Choice D) is not indicated for viral gastroenteritis, which is the most common cause of the condition.

5. A nurse is preparing a presentation for a parent group about musculoskeletal injuries. When describing a child's risk for this type of injury, the nurse integrates knowledge that bone growth occurs primarily in which area?

• A. Growth plate.
• B. Epiphysis.
• C. Physis.
• D. Metaphysis.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Epiphysis. Bone growth primarily occurs in the epiphysis, which is the area where growth plates are located. The epiphysis is responsible for longitudinal bone growth. Choice A, 'Growth plate,' is incorrect as it does not specify the exact area where bone growth primarily occurs. Choice C, 'Physis,' refers to the same structure as a growth plate, but the term 'epiphysis' is more specific to bone growth. Choice D, 'Metaphysis,' is incorrect as it is the area of the bone where the epiphysis meets the diaphysis, not the primary site of bone growth.

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