HESI LPN
Community Health HESI Test Bank
1. Which of the following health behavior choices are essential to promoting health and preventing diseases?
- A. Getting the right kind of food, adequate sleep, physical activity, and effectively handling stress
- B. Stopping smoking and taking vacations
- C. Making sure that all prescription medications are taken properly and at the right time
- D. Avoiding crowds during flu season
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Proper nutrition, adequate sleep, engaging in physical activity, and effective stress management are crucial for promoting health and preventing diseases. Choices B, C, and D do not encompass the comprehensive approach needed for overall health and disease prevention. Stopping smoking is important for health but is not the only factor to consider. Taking vacations can contribute to well-being but is not a core health behavior choice. Ensuring proper medication intake is essential for managing specific health conditions but does not cover all aspects of health promotion. Avoiding crowds during flu season is a preventive measure for infectious diseases but is not a fundamental health behavior choice for overall well-being.
2. After adding feeding solution to a client's tube feeding system as seen in the picture, what action should the PN take next?
- A. Remove the air from the solution bag
- B. Obtain a piston syringe and irrigation set
- C. Record the solution added as fluid intake
- D. Calculate the rate of flow of the solution
Correct answer: B
Rationale: After adding feeding solution, obtaining a piston syringe and irrigation set is necessary to flush the feeding tube and ensure patency before starting the feeding. This helps prevent blockages and ensures proper delivery of the nutritional solution. Option A is incorrect because removing air from the solution bag is not the immediate next step after adding the feeding solution. Option C is incorrect as recording the solution added as fluid intake is important but not the immediate next step. Option D is incorrect as calculating the rate of flow of the solution is not the next step after adding the feeding solution.
3. A teenaged client, a heroin addict, is admitted to the unit for detoxification. What intervention is most important for the nurse to initiate during the first 24 hours after admission?
- A. Assign the client to a teen support group.
- B. Assess intake and output.
- C. Monitor for wheezing and apnea.
- D. Limit visitors to family members only.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Assessing intake and output is crucial during the first 24 hours after admission for detoxification. This helps the nurse monitor the client's hydration status and kidney function as the body goes through withdrawal from heroin. Option A is incorrect because joining a support group is beneficial but may not be the priority in the initial phase of detoxification. Option C, monitoring for wheezing and apnea, is important but not the most critical intervention during the first 24 hours. Option D, limiting visitors to family members only, is not directly related to the immediate needs of assessing intake and output.
4. What is the priority intervention for a 10-year-old girl in a foster family?
- A. Determining if the child is being bullied at school
- B. Dealing with mixed parental expectations
- C. Establishing the child's primary caretaker
- D. Performing a comprehensive health assessment
Correct answer: D
Rationale: In a foster family setup, the priority intervention for a 10-year-old girl is to perform a comprehensive health assessment. This is crucial as children in foster care may have moved between different homes, leading to incomplete medical records. A comprehensive health assessment helps identify any health issues, track the child's growth and development, and ensure appropriate medical care. While addressing bullying at school, managing parental expectations, and establishing the primary caretaker are important considerations, the immediate priority for the child's well-being and holistic care is to conduct a thorough health assessment.
5. A full-term, 24-hour-old infant in the nursery regurgitates and suddenly turns cyanotic. Which immediate intervention should the PN implement?
- A. Stimulate the infant to cry
- B. Give oxygen by positive pressure
- C. Suction the oral and nasal passages
- D. Turn the infant onto the right side
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Suctioning the oral and nasal passages is the correct immediate intervention in this scenario. Regurgitation leading to cyanosis indicates a potential airway obstruction, which requires prompt action to clear. Stimulating the infant to cry (Choice A) may not address the underlying issue of airway obstruction. Giving oxygen by positive pressure (Choice B) can be beneficial, but clearing the airway obstruction takes precedence. Turning the infant onto the right side (Choice D) does not directly address the need to clear the airway.