Nursing Elites

1. The Food Fortification Act of 2000 provides for the mandatory fortification of staple foods, which includes:

• A. Flour with iron
• B. Refined sugar with iron
• C. Cooking oil with vitamin A
• D. Rice with vitamin A

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Flour with iron. The Food Fortification Act of 2000 mandates the fortification of flour with iron to address iron deficiency in the population. Refined sugar is not typically fortified with iron, making choice B incorrect. While cooking oil fortification with vitamin A is common in some regions, it is not specified under the Food Fortification Act of 2000, rendering choice C incorrect. Similarly, rice fortification with vitamin A is not included in the mandatory fortification list according to the act, making choice D incorrect.

2. The nurse manager has a nurse employee who is suspected of having a problem with chemical dependency. Which intervention would be the best approach by the nurse manager?

• A. Confront the nurse about the suspicions in a private meeting
• B. Schedule a staff conference, without the nurse present
• C. Consult the human resources department about the issue and needed actions
• D. Counsel the employee to resign to avoid investigation

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Consulting with human resources is the best approach in this situation. It ensures that the issue is handled according to the organization's policies and that the nurse receives the appropriate support and intervention needed for chemical dependency. Confronting the nurse directly may lead to defensiveness and hinder a constructive resolution. Scheduling a staff conference without the nurse present can create unnecessary speculation and violate the employee's privacy. Counseling the employee to resign is not appropriate and does not address the underlying problem of chemical dependency.

3. For whom is the community health nurse primarily responsible?

• A. individuals
• B. populations
• C. families
• D. class E citizens

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Community health nurses are primarily responsible for populations. While they do provide care and support to individuals and families within the community, their focus is on the health and well-being of entire populations. Choice A is incorrect as the primary responsibility is broader than just individuals. Choice C is incorrect as families are part of the population but not the sole focus. Choice D, 'class E citizens', is too specific and not a standard term in public health, making it an incorrect choice.

4. How do integrative models of human health see health factors?

• A. derived solely from physical phenomena
• B. intertwined and interactive, with multiple components such as physical, psychological, and social
• C. generally being attributable to psychosocial problems in individuals
• D. effective only when combined and integrated with alternative therapies

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Integrative models of human health consider health factors as intertwined and interactive, involving various components like physical, psychological, and social aspects. This holistic approach recognizes that health is influenced by a combination of factors, not just physical phenomena (choice A). While psychosocial problems can impact health, integrative models go beyond attributing health solely to psychosocial issues (choice C). Additionally, integrative models do not imply that health is effective only when combined with alternative therapies (choice D), but rather emphasize the interconnectedness of various health components.

5. A client with asthma has low-pitched wheezes present on the final half of exhalation. One hour later the client has high-pitched wheezes extending throughout exhalation. This change in assessment indicates to the nurse that the client

• A. Has increased airway obstruction
• B. Has improved airway obstruction
• C. Needs to be suctioned
• D. Exhibits hyperventilation

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'Has increased airway obstruction.' High-pitched wheezes extending throughout exhalation indicate a worsening airway obstruction, leading to increased resistance in the airways. Low-pitched wheezes present on the final half of exhalation may suggest some level of obstruction, but the change to high-pitched wheezes throughout exhalation indicates a progression in the obstruction. Choice B is incorrect as the change in wheeze characteristics signifies deterioration rather than improvement. Choice C is incorrect as suctioning is not indicated based on the wheeze assessment findings. Choice D is incorrect as hyperventilation does not typically present with wheezes and is not supported by the information provided.

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