Nursing Elites

1. A client with a history of seizures is receiving phenytoin (Dilantin). The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following side effects?

• A. Hypertension
• B. Hyperglycemia
• C. Gingival hyperplasia
• D. Hypokalemia

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Gingival hyperplasia. Phenytoin can cause gingival hyperplasia, characterized by an overgrowth of gum tissue. It is important for the nurse to monitor the client for this side effect as it can lead to oral health issues. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Phenytoin does not typically cause hypertension, hyperglycemia, or hypokalemia as common side effects.

2. Which of the following is a contribution of community health nurses to the community's health?

• A. providing health education to vulnerable populations
• B. coordinating access to integrated care for the population
• C. developing comprehensive health care systems in various settings
• D. all of the above

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Community health nurses play a vital role in promoting community health by providing health education to vulnerable populations (Choice A), coordinating access to integrated care for the population (Choice B), and developing comprehensive health care systems in various settings (Choice C). These contributions work together to enhance the overall health and well-being of the community, making choice D, 'all of the above,' the correct answer. Choices A, B, and C are all essential aspects of the multifaceted approach that community health nurses take to improve the health outcomes of the community.

3. A client with tuberculosis is receiving isoniazid (INH). The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following side effects?

• A. Hepatotoxicity
• B. Hyperglycemia
• C. Hypotension
• D. Hypokalemia

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hepatotoxicity. Isoniazid (INH) can lead to hepatotoxicity, necessitating the monitoring of liver function tests. This adverse effect is characterized by liver damage and dysfunction. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because isoniazid is not typically associated with hyperglycemia, hypotension, or hypokalemia. Therefore, the nurse should focus on assessing for signs and symptoms of hepatotoxicity in a client receiving isoniazid.

4. What does the term 'health disparity' refer to?

• A. Equal access to healthcare for all individuals
• B. Differences in health outcomes between different population groups
• C. High-quality healthcare for everyone
• D. Providing the same treatments to everyone

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. 'Health disparity' refers to differences in health outcomes between different population groups. This term highlights variations in health status or in the distribution of health determinants between different population groups. Choice A is incorrect as health disparity is about health outcomes, not just access to healthcare. Choice C is too broad and not specific to the concept of health disparity. Choice D is incorrect as health disparity recognizes that different populations may need tailored or different treatments based on their specific health needs.

5. This refers to trained community health workers or health auxiliary volunteers:

• A. Village health workers
• B. Barangay health workers
• C. All of the above
• D. None of the above

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, 'All of the above.' Both village health workers and barangay health workers are trained community health workers or health auxiliary volunteers. Choice A, 'Village health workers,' is correct as they are trained community health workers. Choice B, 'Barangay health workers,' is also correct as they also refer to trained community health workers. Therefore, since both options A and B are accurate, the correct answer is C, 'All of the above.' Choice D, 'None of the above,' is incorrect as both village health workers and barangay health workers fit the description provided in the question.

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