Nursing Elites

1. An example of secondary prevention strategy would be:

• A. Screening for breast cancer in women who have no symptoms
• B. Using pain control medications for terminal cancer patients
• C. Educating teenagers about using condoms to prevent STDs
• D. None of the above

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Screening for breast cancer is a secondary prevention strategy aimed at early detection, which falls under secondary prevention as it focuses on early identification and intervention before the disease progresses. Choice B is incorrect as it refers to palliative care for symptom management in terminal cancer patients, which is not a secondary prevention strategy. Choice C is incorrect as educating teenagers about condom use is a primary prevention strategy to prevent the initial occurrence of STDs rather than intervening after exposure, making it a primary, not a secondary prevention strategy. Choice D is incorrect as there is a valid example of a secondary prevention strategy provided in choice A.

2. Which of the following is a contribution of community health nurses to the community's health?

• A. providing health education to vulnerable populations
• B. coordinating access to integrated care for the population
• C. developing comprehensive health care systems in various settings
• D. all of the above

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Community health nurses play a vital role in promoting community health by providing health education to vulnerable populations (Choice A), coordinating access to integrated care for the population (Choice B), and developing comprehensive health care systems in various settings (Choice C). These contributions work together to enhance the overall health and well-being of the community, making choice D, 'all of the above,' the correct answer. Choices A, B, and C are all essential aspects of the multifaceted approach that community health nurses take to improve the health outcomes of the community.

3. Which of the following is the most effective way to prevent the spread of communicable diseases in a community?

• A. Regular health check-ups
• B. Isolation of infected individuals
• C. Immunization programs
• D. Public health education

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Immunization programs are the most effective way to prevent the spread of communicable diseases. Vaccinations help build immunity against specific diseases, reducing the likelihood of an outbreak. Regular health check-ups (Choice A) are important for individual health but do not directly prevent the spread of diseases on a community level. Isolation of infected individuals (Choice B) is a containment measure rather than prevention for the entire community. Public health education (Choice D) is valuable in raising awareness but may not be as effective as immunization programs in directly preventing the spread of communicable diseases.

4. A nurse working in the community assumes different roles. When the nurse acts as a community organizer, they perform which of the following functions?

• A. motivate and enhance community participation when planning and implementing health programs and services
• B. develop the family's capability to take care of a sick member
• C. identify needs, priorities, and problems of individuals, families, and the community
• D. participate in community development activities

Correct answer: D

Rationale: When a nurse acts as a community organizer, they participate in community development activities, which involve working with the community to address issues such as healthcare access, social services, and infrastructure. The other choices do not directly align with the role of a community organizer. Choice A is more related to community participation in health programs, choice B focuses on family care, and choice C pertains to identifying needs and priorities rather than organizing community development activities.

5. Which topic should be included in planning a secondary prevention project for the local retirement community?

• A. Safety measures in the home.
• B. Adult immunization program.
• C. Rehabilitation after surgery.
• D. Vision and hearing screening.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: In planning a secondary prevention project for the local retirement community, vision and hearing screening should be included. This is crucial as sensory impairments are common among older adults and early detection through screening can help in preventing further complications. Safety measures in the home, adult immunization programs, and rehabilitation after surgery are important but fall more under primary or tertiary prevention strategies rather than secondary prevention, which focuses on early detection and intervention to prevent the progression of health conditions.

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