a client with acute pancreatitis is experiencing severe abdominal pain the nurse should implement which of the following interventions

HESI LPN

Community Health HESI Questions

1. A client with acute pancreatitis is experiencing severe abdominal pain. The nurse should implement which of the following interventions?

A. Encourage oral intake
B. Administer opioid analgesics
C. Apply a heating pad to the abdomen
D. Place the client in a supine position

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct intervention for a client with acute pancreatitis experiencing severe abdominal pain is to administer opioid analgesics. Opioids are effective in managing the severe pain associated with acute pancreatitis. Encouraging oral intake may exacerbate the symptoms and is contraindicated due to the need for bowel rest. Applying a heating pad to the abdomen can worsen inflammation and should be avoided. Placing the client in a supine position may not provide relief and could potentially lead to increased discomfort.

2. Which of the following is a voluntary organization?

A. NIH
B. FDA
C. CDC
D. ADA

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The American Diabetes Association (ADA) is a voluntary organization that relies on voluntary contributions and membership fees. NIH (National Institutes of Health), FDA (Food and Drug Administration), and CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) are governmental agencies and not voluntary organizations. Therefore, the correct answer is D.

3. The nurse is assigned to a client with Parkinson's disease. Which findings would the nurse anticipate?

A. Non-intention tremors and urgency with voiding
B. Echolalia and a shuffling gait
C. Muscle spasm and a bent-over posture
D. Intention tremor and jerky movement of the elbows

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Echolalia (repeating others' words) and a shuffling gait are common symptoms of Parkinson's disease. These symptoms result from the degeneration of the basal ganglia in the brain that controls movement and speech. Choice A is incorrect because non-intention tremors are not typically associated with Parkinson's disease. Choice C is incorrect as muscle spasm and a bent-over posture are not classic manifestations of Parkinson's disease. Choice D is incorrect since intention tremors and jerky movement of the elbows are not characteristic of Parkinson's disease.

4. With an alert of an internal disaster and the need for beds, the charge nurse is asked to list clients who are potential discharges within the next hour. Which client should the charge nurse select?

A. An elderly client who has had type 2 diabetes for over 20 years, admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis 24 hours ago
B. An adolescent admitted the prior night with Tylenol intoxication
C. A middle-aged client with an internal automatic defibrillator and complaints of 'passing out at unknown times' admitted yesterday
D. A school-age child diagnosed with suspected bacterial meningitis and was admitted at the change of shifts

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because a client with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) that is being well-managed and has shown improvement within 24 hours is more stable and can be considered for discharge sooner than those with more acute or unstable conditions. Choice B is incorrect as Tylenol intoxication may require further monitoring and intervention. Choice C is incorrect as a client with an automatic defibrillator and episodes of passing out needs careful evaluation and monitoring. Choice D is incorrect as suspected bacterial meningitis is a serious condition that typically requires a longer hospital stay for treatment and observation.

5. What is the main objective of the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI)?

A. Provide healthcare to all individuals
B. Reduce child mortality
C. Eliminate vaccine-preventable diseases
D. Promote healthy lifestyles

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The main objective of the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) is to eliminate vaccine-preventable diseases. While providing healthcare to all individuals and reducing child mortality are important goals, the primary focus of EPI is specifically on preventing diseases through immunization. Promoting healthy lifestyles, although beneficial, is not the primary aim of the EPI.