HESI LPN
Community Health HESI Practice Questions
1. A nurse manager is using the technique of brainstorming to help solve a problem. One nurse criticizes another nurse’s contribution and begins to find objections to the suggestion. The nurse manager's best response is to
- A. Let’s move on to a new action that deals with the problem.
- B. I think you need to reserve judgment until after all suggestions are offered.
- C. Very well thought out. Your analytic skills and interest are incredible.
- D. Let’s move to the ‘what if…’ as related to these objections for an exploration of spin-off ideas.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Encouraging the group to explore 'what if' scenarios based on the objections helps to maintain a positive and creative brainstorming atmosphere, while also validating the concerns raised by the nurse. Choice A is dismissive and does not address the issue at hand. Choice B suggests postponing judgment, which may not resolve the tension caused by the criticism. Choice C is complimentary but does not address the critical feedback provided by the nurse, missing an opportunity to turn objections into opportunities for further exploration.
2. The nurse is caring for a 75-year-old male client who is beginning to form a decubitus ulcer at the coccyx. Which intervention will be most helpful in preventing further development of the decubitus ulcer?
- A. Encourage the client to eat foods high in protein
- B. Assess the client for daily range of motion exercises
- C. Teach the family how to perform sterile wound care
- D. Ensure the IV fluids are administered as prescribed
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Encouraging the client to eat foods high in protein is crucial in preventing further development of decubitus ulcers as high protein foods support tissue repair and skin integrity. Adequate protein intake is essential for wound healing. Assessing the client for daily range of motion exercises is important for preventing complications related to immobility, but it may not directly address the prevention of decubitus ulcers. Teaching the family how to perform sterile wound care is significant for wound management but may not be the most effective intervention to prevent further development of decubitus ulcers. Ensuring IV fluids are administered as prescribed is essential for maintaining hydration status but is not the most relevant intervention for preventing decubitus ulcers.
3. When developing the plan of care for a child with cerebral palsy, which treatment would the nurse expect as least likely?
- A. Skeletal traction
- B. Physical therapy
- C. Orthotics
- D. Occupational therapy
Correct answer: A
Rationale: When caring for a child with cerebral palsy, skeletal traction is the least likely treatment intervention. Cerebral palsy primarily involves motor function impairments, and skeletal traction is not a typical intervention for this condition. Physical therapy is commonly used to improve movement and function, orthotics help with posture and mobility, and occupational therapy addresses activities of daily living. These interventions are more aligned with the needs of a child with cerebral palsy compared to skeletal traction, making it the least likely treatment option.
4. Which nutrient source yields more than 4 kcalories per gram?
- A. plant fats
- B. plant proteins
- C. animal proteins
- D. plant carbohydrates
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is plant fats (Choice A). Fats, including plant fats, provide 9 kcalories per gram, which is more than 4 kcalories. Plant proteins (Choice B) and animal proteins (Choice C) provide 4 kcalories per gram. Plant carbohydrates (Choice D) also provide 4 kcalories per gram. Therefore, Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not yield more than 4 kcalories per gram.
5. An additional defect is associated with exstrophy of the bladder. For what anomaly should the nurse assess the infant?
- A. Imperforate anus
- B. Absence of one kidney
- C. Congenital heart disease
- D. Pubic bone malformation
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, pubic bone malformation. Exstrophy of the bladder is commonly associated with pubic bone malformation because the condition involves a defect in the pelvic region. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Imperforate anus, absence of one kidney, and congenital heart disease are not typically associated with exstrophy of the bladder.