HESI LPN
Maternity HESI Practice Questions
1. _____ are environmental agents that can harm the embryo or fetus.
- A. Mutations
- B. Autosomes
- C. Teratogens
- D. Androgens
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Teratogens are environmental agents, such as drugs, chemicals, or infections, that can cause harm to a developing embryo or fetus. Mutations (Choice A) refer to changes in the DNA sequence and are not environmental agents. Autosomes (Choice B) are chromosomes that are not involved in determining an individual's sex and are not environmental agents that harm the embryo or fetus. Androgens (Choice D) are a group of hormones that are more related to male sexual development and function, not environmental agents that harm the embryo or fetus.
2. A healthcare provider is assessing a child with suspected pneumonia. What clinical manifestation is the provider likely to observe?
- A. Cough
- B. Diarrhea
- C. Rash
- D. Vomiting
Correct answer: A
Rationale: A cough is a common clinical manifestation of pneumonia. Pneumonia often presents with symptoms such as cough, fever, chest pain, and difficulty breathing. The inflammation and infection in the lungs lead to the characteristic cough observed in patients with pneumonia. Diarrhea, rash, and vomiting are not typically associated with pneumonia and are less likely to be observed in a child with this condition.
3. A client is being treated for dehydration. Which clinical finding would indicate that treatment is effective?
- A. Dry mucous membranes
- B. Increased urine output
- C. Tachycardia
- D. Hypotension
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Increased urine output. When a client is being treated for dehydration, increased urine output is a positive indication that the treatment is effective. This signifies that the body is beginning to rehydrate and eliminate excess fluid. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because dry mucous membranes, tachycardia, and hypotension are all associated with dehydration and would not be signs of effective treatment.
4. A healthcare professional is preparing to administer enoxaparin subcutaneously to a client. Which of the following actions should the healthcare professional take?
- A. Administer the medication with the needle at a 45-degree angle.
- B. Administer the medication with the needle at a 90-degree angle.
- C. Inject the medication into the muscle.
- D. Pinch the skin before injecting.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Enoxaparin is a medication that is administered subcutaneously, which means it should be injected into the fatty tissue layer beneath the skin. Administering enoxaparin at a 90-degree angle ensures proper absorption and reduces the risk of injecting the medication into muscle tissue, which could affect its effectiveness. Injecting the medication at a 45-degree angle may lead to improper absorption as it may not reach the subcutaneous tissue adequately. Injecting the medication into the muscle instead of subcutaneously can alter the absorption rate and therapeutic effects. Pinching the skin before injecting is not necessary for administering enoxaparin subcutaneously and may cause unnecessary discomfort to the client.
5. Under which level of primary health care workers does a rural sanitary inspector fall?
- A. Village health workers
- B. Intermediate level health workers
- C. Barangay health workers
- D. All of the above
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Rural sanitary inspectors are classified as intermediate level health workers. They are not categorized under village health workers or barangay health workers. Therefore, the correct answer is B.