HESI LPN
Community Health HESI Test Bank 2023
1. A 15-year-old client with a lengthy confining illness is at risk for altered growth and development of which task?
- A. Loss of control
- B. Insecurity
- C. Dependence
- D. Lack of trust
Correct answer: C
Rationale: A 15-year-old client with a lengthy confining illness is at risk for altered growth and development of the task of dependence. Prolonged illness and confinement can lead to the development of dependence as the individual may become reliant on others for their care and needs. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect in this context. Loss of control, insecurity, and lack of trust are important factors to consider but are not directly related to the altered growth and development task of dependence due to illness and confinement.
2. The nurse is assessing a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
- A. Decreased anteroposterior diameter
- B. Hyperresonance on percussion
- C. Increased breath sounds
- D. Prolonged expiratory phase
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Prolonged expiratory phase. In COPD, there is airflow obstruction leading to difficulty in exhaling air. This results in a prolonged expiratory phase. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Decreased anteroposterior diameter is associated with conditions like barrel chest in emphysema, not COPD. Hyperresonance on percussion is typical in conditions like emphysema, not necessarily in COPD. Increased breath sounds are not a typical finding in COPD; instead, diminished breath sounds may be present due to air trapping.
3. The home health care agency can expect to obtain Medicare reimbursement for which home visit performed by a registered nurse (RN) or a practical nurse (PN)?
- A. Assessment of the speech pattern of a mobile adult who had a mild stroke last year.
- B. Safety teaching for an older male client whose wife complains that he uses an unsafe ladder while painting.
- C. Wound care for a client who had a postoperative infection following abdominal surgery two weeks ago.
- D. Evaluation of crutch use by a 65-year-old male client who broke his tibia while snow skiing.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because wound care for a postoperative infection is a skilled service that qualifies for Medicare reimbursement. Choices A, B, and D involve assessments, teaching, and evaluation, which may not meet the criteria for Medicare reimbursement as they do not directly involve a skilled nursing service related to a postoperative condition.
4. A school nurse is assessing a child who has frequent absences from school due to asthma. Which of the following is the priority nursing action?
- A. Teaching the child how to use an inhaler
- B. Assessing the child's asthma management plan
- C. Discussing the importance of school attendance with the parents
- D. Referring the child to a pulmonologist
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to assess the child's asthma management plan. This is the priority action as it allows the nurse to evaluate the current treatment regimen, identify any gaps or areas for improvement, and ensure that the plan is being effectively implemented. Teaching the child how to use an inhaler (Choice A) may be important but should come after assessing the management plan. Discussing the importance of school attendance with the parents (Choice C) is secondary to ensuring proper asthma management. Referring the child to a pulmonologist (Choice D) may be necessary but is not the priority at this stage; first, the nurse needs to evaluate the current plan in place.
5. A health program that aims to reduce the incidence of chronic diseases through lifestyle modifications is an example of:
- A. Primary prevention
- B. Secondary prevention
- C. Tertiary prevention
- D. Quaternary prevention
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Primary prevention. Primary prevention focuses on preventing the development of diseases or injuries before they occur by promoting healthy behaviors and lifestyles. In this scenario, the health program targeting lifestyle modifications to reduce chronic diseases aligns with primary prevention efforts. Choice B, secondary prevention, involves early detection and treatment to prevent the progression of disease. Choice C, tertiary prevention, focuses on managing and treating existing diseases to prevent complications. Choice D, quaternary prevention, relates to actions taken to mitigate or avoid the consequences of unnecessary or excessive interventions in healthcare.
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