Nursing Elites

1. Which bioterrorism agent poses a high risk for use as a potential biological weapon due to its ability to be readily transmitted through several portals of entry?

• A. Anthrax.
• B. Smallpox.
• C. Botulism.
• D. Tularemia.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is Anthrax. Anthrax is a high-risk bioterrorism agent because it can be readily transmitted through multiple portals of entry such as inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact. This makes it a significant concern for use as a biological weapon. Smallpox, though highly contagious, is not known for multiple portals of entry like Anthrax. Botulism is a potent toxin but is not as easily transmissible through various routes as Anthrax. Tularemia, while a serious bacterial infection, does not have the same ease of transmission through multiple portals of entry as Anthrax.

2. True or False: Vertical transmission is the disease-causing agent (pathogen) from mother to baby during the period immediately before and after birth.

• A. TRUE
• B. FALSE
• C.
• D.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Vertical transmission is the transfer of a disease-causing agent (pathogen) from mother to baby during the period immediately before and after birth. This process can lead to the baby acquiring infections or diseases from the mother. Choice A is correct because it accurately describes vertical transmission. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not reflect the definition of vertical transmission.

3. The nurse is planning care for a client with pneumococcal pneumonia. Which of the following would be most effective in removing respiratory secretions?

• A. Administration of cough suppressants
• B. Increasing oral fluid intake to 3000 cc per day
• C. Maintaining bed rest with bathroom privileges
• D. Performing chest physiotherapy twice a day

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Increasing oral fluid intake to 3000 cc per day is the most effective in removing respiratory secretions in a client with pneumococcal pneumonia. Adequate hydration helps thin secretions, making them easier to expectorate. Administration of cough suppressants (Choice A) may hinder the removal of secretions by suppressing the cough reflex. Maintaining bed rest with bathroom privileges (Choice C) is important but does not directly address the removal of respiratory secretions. Performing chest physiotherapy (Choice D) is beneficial for mobilizing secretions but may not be as effective as increasing fluid intake in thinning and facilitating the removal of secretions.

4. The nurse-manager is planning to transform safety ideas into prevention and protection strategies in the workplace. What committee should review and plan policies and education about safety in the workplace?

• A. policy and procedures committee
• B. quality assurance committee
• C. education committee
• D. ethics committee

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The quality assurance committee is responsible for reviewing and planning policies and education related to workplace safety. This committee focuses on ensuring the quality of care and services provided, which includes implementing safety measures. The policy and procedures committee primarily deals with developing and maintaining organizational policies and procedures. The education committee focuses on educational programs and initiatives, not specifically on safety policies. The ethics committee is concerned with ethical issues and dilemmas, not safety policies and education.

5. Which of the following is a voluntary organization?

• A. NIH
• B. FDA
• C. CDC
• D. ADA

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The American Diabetes Association (ADA) is a voluntary organization that relies on voluntary contributions and membership fees. NIH (National Institutes of Health), FDA (Food and Drug Administration), and CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) are governmental agencies and not voluntary organizations. Therefore, the correct answer is D.

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