Nursing Elites

1. What is the appropriate intervention for a child with an undescended testicle?

• A. Wait until puberty
• B. Perform an orchidopexy
• C. Administer hormone therapy
• D. Increase physical activity

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The appropriate intervention for a child with an undescended testicle is to perform an orchidopexy. This surgical procedure is recommended if the testicle has not descended naturally within the first year of life. Waiting until puberty is not advised as early intervention is crucial for optimal outcomes. Administering hormone therapy is not the first-line treatment for an undescended testicle and is typically not recommended. Increasing physical activity does not address the underlying issue of an undescended testicle and is not a suitable intervention.

2. What does the term 'essential nutrient' refer to?

• A. A nutrient that can be synthesized by the body.
• B. A nutrient that is required for proper body functioning.
• C. A nutrient that must be obtained from the diet because the body cannot produce it.
• D. A nutrient that can be stored in the body for long periods.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. An essential nutrient is a substance that is necessary for normal body functioning but cannot be synthesized in adequate amounts by the body, therefore it must be obtained from the diet. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because essential nutrients are not synthesized by the body, they are necessary for body functioning, and they are not typically stored in the body for long periods.

3. What is the most common initial symptom of juvenile idiopathic arthritis?

• A. Joint swelling and pain
• B. Skin rash
• C. Gastrointestinal bleeding
• D. Neurological deficits

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Joint swelling and pain. These are the most common initial symptoms of juvenile idiopathic arthritis, typically affecting multiple joints. Skin rash (choice B), gastrointestinal bleeding (choice C), and neurological deficits (choice D) are not typical initial symptoms of juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Skin rash may be seen in other conditions like dermatitis or systemic lupus erythematosus, gastrointestinal bleeding may be associated with conditions like inflammatory bowel disease, and neurological deficits could be indicative of conditions like multiple sclerosis.

4. Parents of a 6-month-old child, diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia, ask why it was not diagnosed earlier. What should the nurse say?

• A. Are you sure your child has iron deficiency anemia?
• B. Maternal stores of iron are depleted at about 6 months.
• C. This anemia is caused by blood loss.
• D. The child may not have had it for a long time.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Maternal stores of iron are depleted at about 6 months.' Iron deficiency anemia becomes apparent around 6 months of age when the infant's iron stores, primarily received from the mother during pregnancy, are depleted. This timing coincides with the introduction of solid foods, which may lack sufficient iron. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not address the specific reason why iron deficiency anemia is typically diagnosed around 6 months of age.

5. Which nutrient is an example of a macronutrient?

• A. proteins
• B. minerals
• C. water-soluble vitamins
• D. fat-soluble vitamins

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Proteins are indeed macronutrients as they are required by the body in larger quantities for various functions such as growth, repair, and energy production. Choice B, minerals, are micronutrients needed in smaller amounts for various physiological processes. Choices C and D, water-soluble vitamins and fat-soluble vitamins, respectively, are also micronutrients that play essential roles in the body but are not classified as macronutrients.

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