what is an important dietary consideration for a child with cystic fibrosis
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Nutrition Final Exam

1. What is an important dietary consideration for a child with cystic fibrosis?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: For a child with cystic fibrosis, an important dietary consideration is a high-calorie, high-fat diet. This type of diet helps address malabsorption issues commonly seen in individuals with cystic fibrosis and supports adequate growth and development. High-calorie, high-fat foods are recommended to help meet the increased energy needs of these individuals. Choices B, C, and D are not the most appropriate dietary considerations for a child with cystic fibrosis. A low-sugar diet may not provide enough calories for optimal growth, increased dietary fiber may exacerbate issues related to malabsorption, and a high-sodium diet is generally not recommended due to the risk of dehydration and electrolyte imbalances in individuals with cystic fibrosis.

2. What dietary modification is important for a child with celiac disease?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Avoid gluten-containing foods. For a child with celiac disease, it is crucial to eliminate gluten from their diet to manage the condition effectively. Gluten triggers an immune response in individuals with celiac disease, leading to symptoms and damage to the small intestine. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because increasing dairy intake, decreasing protein intake, or increasing fiber intake are not specific dietary modifications for managing celiac disease.

3. How should a healthcare provider manage a child with newly diagnosed congenital hypothyroidism?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Correct Answer: Ensuring regular thyroid hormone replacement therapy is crucial for managing congenital hypothyroidism in children. This therapy supports normal growth and development by replacing the deficient thyroid hormones. Monitoring for signs of hyperactivity (Choice A) is not the primary management for congenital hypothyroidism; rather, the focus should be on addressing the hormone deficiency. Encouraging a high-calcium diet (Choice C) may not directly address the thyroid hormone deficiency characteristic of congenital hypothyroidism. Increasing physical exercise (Choice D) is not the mainstay treatment for this condition; hormone replacement therapy is the cornerstone of management.

4. Before publication in a reputable journal, the findings of a research study must undergo scrutiny by experts in the field in a process known as what?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: peer review. Before publication, research findings must undergo peer review, where experts in the field evaluate the validity and significance of the study. Choice B, cohort review, is incorrect as it does not involve the same level of evaluation by experts. Choice C, research intervention, is not a term used to describe the evaluation process before publication. Choice D, double-blind examination, refers to a study design where neither the participants nor the researchers know who is receiving a particular treatment, which is not the same as the peer review process.

5. What is a common sign of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) in infants?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Limited abduction of the hip is a common sign of developmental dysplasia of the hip in infants. It indicates possible hip dislocation or instability, making it a key clinical manifestation to assess for DDH. Dislocated patella (Choice A) is not typically associated with DDH. Swelling of the knee (Choice C) and hyperextension of the leg (Choice D) are not specific signs linked to DDH in infants, further supporting why they are incorrect choices.

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