Nursing Elites

1. What will the treatment for a newly admitted child with cystic fibrosis center on?

• A. Chest physiotherapy
• B. Mucus-drying agents
• C. Prevention of diarrhea
• D. Insulin therapy

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Chest physiotherapy. Treatment for cystic fibrosis focuses on chest physiotherapy and aerosol medications to manage and clear thick pulmonary secretions. Chest physiotherapy helps loosen and clear mucus from the lungs, aiding in breathing and reducing the risk of infections. Mucus-drying agents (choice B) are not typically used in the treatment of cystic fibrosis as the goal is to help clear mucus, not dry it. Prevention of diarrhea (choice C) is not a primary focus in the treatment of cystic fibrosis. Insulin therapy (choice D) is not relevant to cystic fibrosis, which primarily affects the respiratory and digestive systems.

2. Your friend Carrie took a daily supplement of vitamin C and tells you that she feels a lot better. Her statement to you is best described as what?

• A. an anecdote
• B. theory
• C. interpretation
• D. conclusion

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, 'an anecdote.' An anecdote is a personal account or experience, not necessarily backed by scientific evidence. In this case, Carrie's statement about feeling better after taking vitamin C is based on her personal experience and does not constitute scientific evidence or a generalizable conclusion. Choice B, 'theory,' would imply a systematic explanation based on scientific evidence, which is not the case here. Choice C, 'interpretation,' typically involves explaining or understanding something based on available information, not a personal account. Choice D, 'conclusion,' would be a general statement derived from specific information or facts, which is not applicable in this context.

3. What is an essential part of care for a child with asthma during an acute episode?

• A. Administer a bronchodilator
• B. Provide high doses of steroids
• C. Increase fluid intake
• D. Restrict all physical activity

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Administering a bronchodilator is an essential part of caring for a child with asthma during an acute episode because it helps to open airways and relieve acute asthma symptoms effectively. Providing high doses of steroids (Choice B) is typically done in severe cases or when other treatments fail. Increasing fluid intake (Choice C) can be beneficial to prevent dehydration, but it is not the primary intervention during an acute asthma episode. Restricting all physical activity (Choice D) is not recommended as some physical activity may help improve lung function and overall well-being.

4. How should a healthcare provider approach the care of a child with a suspected fracture?

• A. Immobilize the affected limb and seek medical evaluation
• B. Apply heat to the injury
• C. Allow the child to continue normal activity
• D. Administer over-the-counter pain relief only

Correct answer: A

Rationale: When a child is suspected to have a fracture, it is essential to immobilize the affected limb to prevent further injury. Seeking immediate medical evaluation is crucial for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Applying heat to a suspected fracture can worsen the condition by increasing swelling and pain. Allowing the child to continue normal activity can lead to further damage. Administering only over-the-counter pain relief is insufficient and does not address the need for immobilization and professional evaluation.

5. Which of the following best describes the purpose of dietary guidelines?

• A. To ensure food safety and sanitation.
• B. To promote overall health and reduce the risk of chronic diseases.
• C. To prevent foodborne illnesses.
• D. To provide recommendations for physical activity.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'To promote overall health and reduce the risk of chronic diseases.' Dietary guidelines aim to improve public health by providing recommendations on dietary patterns and nutrient intake. While ensuring food safety and sanitation (choice A) is important, it is not the primary purpose of dietary guidelines. Preventing foodborne illnesses (choice C) is more related to food safety practices rather than dietary guidelines. Recommendations for physical activity (choice D) are important for overall health but are separate from dietary guidelines, which primarily focus on nutrition.

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