Nursing Elites

1. What will the treatment for a newly admitted child with cystic fibrosis center on?

• A. Chest physiotherapy
• B. Mucus-drying agents
• C. Prevention of diarrhea
• D. Insulin therapy

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Chest physiotherapy. Treatment for cystic fibrosis focuses on chest physiotherapy and aerosol medications to manage and clear thick pulmonary secretions. Chest physiotherapy helps loosen and clear mucus from the lungs, aiding in breathing and reducing the risk of infections. Mucus-drying agents (choice B) are not typically used in the treatment of cystic fibrosis as the goal is to help clear mucus, not dry it. Prevention of diarrhea (choice C) is not a primary focus in the treatment of cystic fibrosis. Insulin therapy (choice D) is not relevant to cystic fibrosis, which primarily affects the respiratory and digestive systems.

2. What is an important aspect of managing a child with asthma in a school setting?

• A. Limiting physical activity
• B. Ensuring access to emergency medications
• C. Reducing the number of classes attended
• D. Avoiding interaction with other students

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ensuring access to emergency medications. In a school setting, it is crucial to have emergency medications available for a child with asthma in case of an asthma attack. This helps in managing asthma effectively and promptly. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because limiting physical activity, reducing the number of classes attended, and avoiding interaction with other students are not recommended strategies for managing asthma in a school setting. Encouraging physical activity, ensuring regular attendance, and promoting social interactions are important for the overall well-being of a child with asthma.

3. What is the recommended first step in the management of a child with a suspected head injury?

• A. Administer pain medication
• B. Assess the child's level of consciousness
• C. Perform a CT scan
• D. Monitor for seizures

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct first step in managing a child with a suspected head injury is to assess the child's level of consciousness. This assessment is crucial as it helps determine the severity of the injury and guides further management. Administering pain medication (Choice A) should not be done before assessing the level of consciousness. Performing a CT scan (Choice C) may be necessary but is not the initial step. Monitoring for seizures (Choice D) is important but comes after assessing the child's level of consciousness.

4. Which measure best describes the amounts of nutrients that should be consumed by the population?

• A. The Dietary Reference Intakes, as they provide a set of nutrient intake values for healthy people in the United States and Canada
• B. The Tolerable Upper Intake levels, as they indicate the maximum daily amount of a nutrient considered safe for most healthy people
• C. The Estimated Average Requirements, as they reflect the average daily amount of a nutrient needed to maintain a specific function in half of the healthy individuals of a population
• D. The Recommended Dietary Allowances, as they represent the average daily amount of a nutrient considered adequate to meet the known nutrient needs of practically all healthy individuals

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) are the best measure to describe the amounts of nutrients that should be consumed by the population. RDAs represent the average daily intake level that meets the nutrient requirements of nearly all (97-98%) healthy individuals in a particular life stage and gender group. Choice A, the Dietary Reference Intakes, provide a set of nutrient intake values but do not specifically address the average daily amount of a nutrient considered adequate for practically all individuals. Choice B, the Tolerable Upper Intake levels, focus on the maximum daily amount of a nutrient deemed safe for most healthy people, not the average daily amount needed. Choice C, the Estimated Average Requirements, reflect the average daily amount of a nutrient needed by half of the healthy individuals, which is not as comprehensive as the RDAs that cater to nearly all healthy people.

5. Your friend Carrie took a daily supplement of vitamin C and tells you that she feels a lot better. Her statement to you is best described as what?

• A. an anecdote
• B. theory
• C. interpretation
• D. conclusion

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, 'an anecdote.' An anecdote is a personal account or experience, not necessarily backed by scientific evidence. In this case, Carrie's statement about feeling better after taking vitamin C is based on her personal experience and does not constitute scientific evidence or a generalizable conclusion. Choice B, 'theory,' would imply a systematic explanation based on scientific evidence, which is not the case here. Choice C, 'interpretation,' typically involves explaining or understanding something based on available information, not a personal account. Choice D, 'conclusion,' would be a general statement derived from specific information or facts, which is not applicable in this context.

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