Nursing Elites

1. What is a common early sign of type 1 diabetes in children?

• A. Excessive thirst and frequent urination
• B. Severe abdominal pain
• C. Frequent headaches
• D. Sudden weight gain

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Excessive thirst and frequent urination are common early signs of type 1 diabetes in children. These symptoms occur due to high blood glucose levels, leading to increased thirst and urination. Severe abdominal pain (choice B) is not typically associated with type 1 diabetes. Although frequent headaches (choice C) can occur in some cases, they are not as specific to type 1 diabetes as excessive thirst and frequent urination. Sudden weight gain (choice D) is not a common early sign of type 1 diabetes; in fact, unexplained weight loss is more characteristic of the condition.

2. What action should be taken for a 2-year-old with laryngotracheobronchitis in an oxygen tent?

• A. Restrain the child and notify the healthcare provider
• B. Increase the oxygen concentration
• C. Take the child to the playroom
• D. Ask the mother to help in comforting the child

Correct answer: B

Rationale: In laryngotracheobronchitis (croup), a child may become restless due to poor oxygenation. Increasing the oxygen concentration in the oxygen tent is crucial to improve oxygenation levels and manage symptoms effectively. Restraint is not appropriate in this situation, as it may cause distress and worsen the child's condition. Taking the child to the playroom is not indicated when the child requires oxygen therapy. While comforting the child is important, the priority in this scenario is to optimize oxygen delivery to improve respiratory distress.

3. Which of the following is an example of a macronutrient?

• A. Vitamin C
• B. Iron
• C. Calcium
• D. Fiber

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Fiber. Macronutrients are nutrients required by the body in larger amounts, and they include carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. Fiber is a type of carbohydrate that falls under this category. Vitamin C (choice A) is a water-soluble vitamin, Iron (choice B) is a mineral, and Calcium (choice C) is also a mineral, not a macronutrient. Therefore, Fiber is the only macronutrient listed in the choices.

4. How should a healthcare provider assist in the management of a child with type 1 diabetes?

• A. Provide high-carbohydrate snacks
• B. Schedule frequent blood glucose tests
• C. Increase dietary fat intake
• D. Encourage a high-protein diet

Correct answer: B

Rationale: For the management of type 1 diabetes in a child, scheduling frequent blood glucose tests is essential. These tests help in monitoring blood sugar levels, adjusting insulin doses, and ensuring proper glucose control. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Providing high-carbohydrate snacks can lead to blood sugar spikes, increasing dietary fat intake is not recommended, and encouraging a high-protein diet is not a standard recommendation for managing type 1 diabetes in children.

5. How should a healthcare provider address a child's concerns about a new medical diagnosis?

• A. Provide clear and age-appropriate information
• B. Avoid discussing the diagnosis
• C. Refer to a specialist immediately
• D. Suggest seeking alternative therapies

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Correct answer: Providing clear and age-appropriate information is crucial when addressing a child's concerns about a new medical diagnosis. Children often feel anxious and confused when faced with health issues, so offering them information in a way they can understand helps alleviate their fears and empowers them to cope better. Choice B is incorrect because avoiding discussing the diagnosis can lead to increased anxiety and uncertainty in the child. Choice C is incorrect as referring to a specialist immediately may not be necessary at the initial stage of addressing the child's concerns. Choice D is incorrect as suggesting alternative therapies without providing proper information about the medical diagnosis may not be suitable or effective.

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