Nursing Elites

1. What dietary modification is important for a child with celiac disease?

• A. Increase dairy intake
• B. Avoid gluten-containing foods
• C. Decrease protein intake
• D. Increase fiber intake

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Avoid gluten-containing foods. For a child with celiac disease, it is crucial to eliminate gluten from their diet to manage the condition effectively. Gluten triggers an immune response in individuals with celiac disease, leading to symptoms and damage to the small intestine. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because increasing dairy intake, decreasing protein intake, or increasing fiber intake are not specific dietary modifications for managing celiac disease.

2. What is a key aspect of managing a child with cystic fibrosis?

• A. Regular pulmonary function tests
• B. Daily administration of antibiotics only
• C. High-sugar diet
• D. Limiting all physical activities

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Regular pulmonary function tests are a key aspect of managing a child with cystic fibrosis. These tests help monitor lung function and disease progression effectively, providing valuable information for healthcare providers to make timely interventions and adjustments to treatment plans. Daily administration of antibiotics alone (Choice B) is important but not the sole key aspect of managing cystic fibrosis. A high-sugar diet (Choice C) is not recommended for individuals with cystic fibrosis as it can exacerbate health issues. Limiting all physical activities (Choice D) is not beneficial as regular exercise is important for overall health and lung function in individuals with cystic fibrosis.

3. Which statement best describes the composition of most foods?

• A. Most foods contain a mixture of the three energy nutrients, with one or two predominating.
• B. Foods do not typically contain equal amounts of the three energy nutrients.
• C. Most foods contain mixtures of the three energy nutrients, although only one or two may predominate.
• D. Most foods contain all three energy nutrients in varying amounts.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Most foods contain a mixture of the three energy nutrients (carbohydrates, proteins, fats), with one or two predominating. Choice A is correct because most foods do contain a combination of energy nutrients, with one or two types usually being predominant. Choice B is incorrect as foods typically do not contain equal amounts of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. Choice D is incorrect because most foods contain all three energy nutrients, not just one or two types.

4. What should be assessed in a child with suspected appendicitis?

• A. Level of consciousness
• B. Bowel sounds and pain location
• C. Skin color and temperature
• D. Heart rate and blood pressure

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is to assess bowel sounds and pain location. In a child with suspected appendicitis, focusing on bowel sounds and pain location, particularly in the lower right quadrant, is crucial. This assessment helps to identify symptoms commonly associated with appendicitis. Assessing the level of consciousness (Choice A) is important in other conditions such as head injuries or neurological issues. Skin color and temperature (Choice C) are more indicative of circulatory or skin-related problems. Heart rate and blood pressure (Choice D) are vital signs that are essential to assess in various conditions but are not specific to suspected appendicitis.

5. What is a key sign of meningitis in an infant?

• A. Increased appetite
• B. Bulging fontanel
• C. Decreased respiratory rate
• D. Elevated blood pressure

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A bulging fontanel is a key sign of meningitis in infants, indicating increased intracranial pressure due to inflammation of the meninges. This can lead to the fontanel bulging. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Increased appetite is not typically associated with meningitis in infants; instead, they may have poor feeding. A decreased respiratory rate is not a common sign of meningitis in infants. Elevated blood pressure is also not a typical finding in infants with meningitis.

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