Nursing Elites

1. The parents of a child with sickle cell anemia ask why their child experiences pain. What is the most likely cause?

• A. Inflammation of the vessels
• B. Obstructed blood flow
• C. Overhydration
• D. Stress-related headaches

Correct answer: B

Rationale: In sickle cell anemia, pain is primarily caused by the obstruction of blood flow by sickle-shaped cells. This obstruction leads to inadequate oxygen supply to tissues, resulting in tissue damage and pain. Choice A, inflammation of the vessels, is incorrect as it is not the primary cause of pain in sickle cell anemia. Choice C, overhydration, is unrelated to the pathophysiology of sickle cell anemia and would not lead to the characteristic pain experienced. Choice D, stress-related headaches, is also unrelated to the underlying mechanisms of pain in sickle cell anemia.

2. What does the term 'essential nutrient' refer to?

• A. A nutrient that can be synthesized by the body.
• B. A nutrient that is required for proper body functioning.
• C. A nutrient that must be obtained from the diet because the body cannot produce it.
• D. A nutrient that can be stored in the body for long periods.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. An essential nutrient is a substance that is necessary for normal body functioning but cannot be synthesized in adequate amounts by the body, therefore it must be obtained from the diet. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because essential nutrients are not synthesized by the body, they are necessary for body functioning, and they are not typically stored in the body for long periods.

3. How should a healthcare provider address concerns about a child’s developmental milestones?

• A. Recommend delaying intervention until school age
• B. Provide resources for early intervention services
• C. Suggest dietary changes
• D. Avoid further assessment

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Correct Answer: Providing resources for early intervention services is crucial for addressing developmental concerns and supporting the child's growth and development. Early intervention is key to improving outcomes. Recommending delaying intervention until school age (Choice A) is not advised as addressing issues early leads to better results. Suggesting dietary changes (Choice C) is not the primary approach to addressing developmental milestones. Avoiding further assessment (Choice D) can impede the timely identification and management of developmental delays.

4. What is an important consideration when caring for a child with epilepsy?

• A. Adherence to prescribed anticonvulsant medication
• B. Avoiding all forms of exercise
• C. Limiting social interactions
• D. Increasing dietary caffeine intake

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Adherence to prescribed anticonvulsant medication is crucial when caring for a child with epilepsy. It is essential for managing the condition effectively and reducing the frequency of seizures. Choice B is incorrect because exercise, when done safely and under supervision, can be beneficial for children with epilepsy by promoting overall health. Choice C is incorrect as social interactions are important for the child's emotional well-being and should not be limited. Choice D is incorrect as increasing dietary caffeine intake can potentially trigger seizures in some individuals with epilepsy.

5. What is the smallest amount of a nutrient that, when consumed over a prolonged period, maintains a specific function?

• A. nutrient allowance
• B. nutrient requirement
• C. nutrient tolerable limit
• D. nutrient adequate intake

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is 'B: nutrient requirement.' The nutrient requirement refers to the smallest amount of a nutrient that, when consumed over a prolonged period, maintains a specific function in the body. This amount ensures the body's optimal functioning and health. Choice A, 'nutrient allowance,' is incorrect as it does not specifically refer to the minimum amount needed for bodily functions but rather suggests a broader term. Choice C, 'nutrient tolerable limit,' is incorrect as it pertains to the maximum amount of a nutrient that can be consumed without adverse effects. Choice D, 'nutrient adequate intake,' is incorrect as it refers to the recommended average daily intake level of a nutrient to meet the requirements of most healthy individuals.

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