how does a double blind experiment work

HESI LPN

LPN Nutrition Practice Test

1. How does a double-blind experiment work?

A. Both subject groups take turns receiving each treatment.
B. Neither subjects nor researchers know which subjects are in the control or experimental group.
C. Neither group of subjects knows whether they are in the control or experimental group, but the researchers do not know.
D. Both subject groups know whether they are in the control or experimental group, but the researchers do not know.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. In a double-blind experiment, neither the subjects nor the researchers know which subjects are in the control or experimental group. This helps to eliminate bias and ensure that the results are more objective. Choice A is incorrect as in a double-blind experiment, subjects do not take turns receiving each treatment; it is about masking the treatment allocation. Choice C is incorrect because it implies that the researchers are aware of the group allocation, which goes against the principle of blinding in a double-blind study. Choice D is incorrect as both subject groups should not know whether they are in the control or experimental group to maintain the blindness of the study.

2. What is the primary goal in managing a child with chronic asthma?

A. Achieve and maintain symptom control
B. Avoid all physical activity
C. Increase dietary sodium
D. Restrict medication use

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The primary goal in managing a child with chronic asthma is to achieve and maintain symptom control. This helps improve the child's quality of life by reducing asthma symptoms and exacerbations. Choice B is incorrect because avoiding all physical activity is not recommended for children with asthma; in fact, regular physical activity can be beneficial. Choice C is incorrect as increasing dietary sodium is not a primary goal in managing asthma. Choice D is incorrect because restricting medication use can lead to uncontrolled asthma symptoms and complications.

3. What is a long-term complication of cleft lip and palate?

A. Cognitive impairment
B. Altered growth and development
C. Faulty dentition
D. Physical abilities

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct long-term complication of cleft lip and palate is faulty dentition. Individuals with cleft lip and palate may experience dental issues such as missing, extra, or misaligned teeth, which can affect speech and the aesthetic appearance of the mouth. Cognitive impairment, as mentioned in choice A, is not a typical long-term complication associated with cleft lip and palate. While altered growth and development (choice B) can be affected during early stages, it is not a prominent long-term complication. Choice D, physical abilities, is not directly related to the typical long-term complications of cleft lip and palate.

4. What is the first-line treatment for a child with a bacterial ear infection?

A. Intravenous antibiotics
B. Oral antibiotics
C. Nasal decongestants
D. Antihistamines

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Oral antibiotics. Oral antibiotics are the first-line treatment for bacterial ear infections in children as they effectively target the infection at the source and help alleviate symptoms. Intravenous antibiotics (Choice A) are typically reserved for severe cases where oral antibiotics are not sufficient. Nasal decongestants (Choice C) and antihistamines (Choice D) are not the primary treatments for bacterial ear infections. Nasal decongestants are used for nasal congestion, and antihistamines are used for allergies. However, these medications do not directly address the bacterial infection in the ear, unlike oral antibiotics.

5. What is a key aspect of managing a child with cystic fibrosis?

A. Regular pulmonary function tests
B. Daily administration of antibiotics only
C. High-sugar diet
D. Limiting all physical activities

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Regular pulmonary function tests are a key aspect of managing a child with cystic fibrosis. These tests help monitor lung function and disease progression effectively, providing valuable information for healthcare providers to make timely interventions and adjustments to treatment plans. Daily administration of antibiotics alone (Choice B) is important but not the sole key aspect of managing cystic fibrosis. A high-sugar diet (Choice C) is not recommended for individuals with cystic fibrosis as it can exacerbate health issues. Limiting all physical activities (Choice D) is not beneficial as regular exercise is important for overall health and lung function in individuals with cystic fibrosis.