the nurse is screening children at a local community health clinic for infectious diseases which child is at highest risk for hepatitis b virus

HESI LPN

Community Health HESI Test Bank

1. The healthcare provider is screening children at a local community health clinic for infectious diseases. Which child is at the highest risk for hepatitis B virus?

A. a newborn
B. a 3-year-old
C. a 7-year-old
D. an 11-year-old

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Newborns are at the highest risk for hepatitis B virus due to potential transmission from the mother. The hepatitis B virus can be transmitted from an infected mother to her baby during childbirth. Children born to mothers infected with hepatitis B are at the highest risk of acquiring the infection. Choices B, C, and D are at lower risk compared to a newborn as they are less likely to have been exposed to the virus during childbirth.

2. What does the term 'health disparity' refer to?

A. Equal access to healthcare for all individuals
B. Differences in health outcomes between different population groups
C. High-quality healthcare for everyone
D. Providing the same treatments to everyone

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. 'Health disparity' refers to differences in health outcomes between different population groups. This term highlights variations in health status or in the distribution of health determinants between different population groups. Choice A is incorrect as health disparity is about health outcomes, not just access to healthcare. Choice C is too broad and not specific to the concept of health disparity. Choice D is incorrect as health disparity recognizes that different populations may need tailored or different treatments based on their specific health needs.

3. Which of the following statements is correct regarding community health nursing?

A. Evaluation of the health status of individuals and families should be done in consultation with them.
B. The public health nurse (PHN) who works with communication for 6 can solely determine the needs of the community.
C. Provision of PHN care is not in any way affected by policies of the agency where the nurse works.
D. Professional growth and development of the PHN is the responsibility of the Department of Health (DOH).

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct statement is that evaluation of the health status of individuals and families should be done in consultation with them. This approach ensures that the assessment is accurate and takes into account the perspectives and concerns of the individuals and families involved. Choice B is incorrect because determining the needs of the community should involve input from various stakeholders, not solely the PHN. Choice C is incorrect as the provision of PHN care can be influenced by the policies of the agency or organization where the nurse works. Choice D is also incorrect as while the DOH may play a role in setting standards, the professional growth and development of a PHN is typically a personal and professional responsibility.

4. The following are functions of the Provincial Nurse Supervisor except:

A. interpreting policies, guidelines, and SDP to nursing and midwifery staff of the province
B. assessing training needs and planning staff development programs for nursing and midwifery staff
C. participating in planning, developing, and evaluating OJT for nurses and midwives conducted by the department
D. collecting, consolidating, analyzing, and interpreting health records and reports and making recommendations as needed

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Collecting, consolidating, analyzing, and interpreting health records is not a primary function of a Provincial Nurse Supervisor. The primary functions of a Provincial Nurse Supervisor include interpreting policies, guidelines, and SDP to nursing and midwifery staff, assessing training needs, planning staff development programs, and participating in planning, developing, and evaluating OJT for nurses and midwives. While health records may be accessed for specific purposes, the core responsibilities of a Provincial Nurse Supervisor focus on staff management and development rather than direct involvement in health record analysis.

5. The delivery of basic health services was decentralized to the local government units. The legal basis for this is embodied in:

A. RA 7035
B. EO 119
C. RA 7160
D. PD 999

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, RA 7160. This law, also known as the Local Government Code, decentralizes health services to local government units. RA 7035 is not the legal basis for decentralizing basic health services. EO 119 and PD 999 are also not the correct legal bases for the decentralization of health services.