the nurse is planning discharge teaching for four mothers which postpartum client is at highest risk for psychological difficulties during the postpar

HESI LPN

HESI Maternal Newborn

1. The nurse is planning discharge teaching for four mothers. Which postpartum client is at highest risk for psychological difficulties during the postpartum period?

A. A primiparous woman who has recently migrated to the US with her spouse
B. A multiparous client who lives with her husband and his family members
C. A multiparous female with a large family living in a community
D. A primiparous adolescent living at home with her parents and significant other

Correct answer: A

Rationale: A primiparous woman who has recently migrated to the US with her spouse is at the highest risk for psychological difficulties during the postpartum period. Recent migration and adjustment to a new environment can increase the risk of postpartum depression, especially when combined with the challenges of being a new mother. Choice B, a multiparous client living with her husband and his family, may have social support from family members, which can be protective against psychological difficulties. Choice C, a multiparous female with a large family living in a community, also indicates potential social support. Choice D, a primiparous adolescent living at home with her parents and significant other, may have a support system in place with her family and significant other.

2. A client has experienced a fetal demise following a vaginal delivery at term. What should the nurse advise the client?

A. “You can bathe and dress your baby if you’d like to.”
B. “If you don’t hold the baby, it will make letting go much harder.”
C. “You should name the baby so he/she can have an identity.”
D. “I’m sure you will be able to have another baby when you’re ready.”

Correct answer: A

Rationale: After a fetal demise, allowing the parents to bathe and dress their baby can offer them a sense of closure and help them in their grieving process. This act can provide a tangible way for the parents to bond with their baby and create lasting memories. Option B is incorrect because each individual may have different emotional needs and holding the baby may not be appropriate or helpful for everyone. Option C, while well-intentioned, may not be suitable for all parents as naming the baby could be emotionally challenging. Option D is insensitive as it overlooks the grieving process of losing a baby by suggesting a replacement.

3. On the first postpartum day, the nurse examines the breasts of a new mother. Which condition is the nurse most likely to find?

A. Firm, larger, and very tender to the touch
B. Slightly firm with an immediate let-down response
C. Soft with no change from before delivery
D. Filling and secreting colostrum

Correct answer: D

Rationale: On the first postpartum day, the nurse is most likely to find the breasts filling and secreting colostrum. Colostrum secretion is common as the body prepares for breastfeeding in the initial days after delivery. Choice A is incorrect as breasts are not typically very tender immediately postpartum. Choice B is incorrect as an immediate let-down response is more related to lactation rather than the first postpartum day. Choice C is incorrect as the breasts typically undergo changes, such as filling with colostrum, after delivery.

4. Which of the following processes happen during mitosis?

A. Strands of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) break apart.
B. Adenine combines with its appropriate partner, cytosine.
C. Sperm and ova cells are created.
D. Twenty-three chromosomes are created.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct process that happens during mitosis is the breaking apart, replication, and division of DNA strands into two new cells, each with the same number of chromosomes as the original cell. Choice B is incorrect because it describes base pairing in DNA, not a process specific to mitosis. Choice C is incorrect as the creation of sperm and ova cells is related to meiosis, not mitosis. Choice D is incorrect because chromosomes are not created during mitosis; they are replicated and divided equally between the daughter cells.

5. Chromosomes contain thousands of segments called:

A. nuclei.
B. nodes.
C. capillaries.
D. genes.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Chromosomes are structures composed of DNA and genes. Genes are the functional segments within chromosomes that encode specific traits and characteristics. The other choices ('nuclei,' 'nodes,' 'capillaries') do not accurately describe the segments found within chromosomes and are unrelated to their structure or function.