the nurse is assessing an older resident with a history of benign prostatic hypertrophy and identifies a distended bladder what should the nurse do

HESI LPN

Adult Health 2 Exam 1

1. The nurse is assessing an older resident with a history of Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy and identifies a distended bladder. What should the nurse do?

A. Stand the client to void and run tap water within hearing distance before catheterizing
B. Straight catheterize and if the residual urine volume is greater than 100 mL, clamp catheter
C. Catheterize q2h and place in an indwelling catheter at the end of the prescribed 24hr period
D. Catheterize with an indwelling catheter and if the residual volume is greater than 100 mL, inflate the balloon

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Prompt and appropriate management of urinary retention prevents complications like infection and bladder damage.

2. An adult female client is admitted to the psychiatric unit with a diagnosis of major depression. After 2 weeks of antidepressant medication therapy, the nurse notices the client has more energy, is giving her belongings away to her visitors, and is in an overall better mood. Which intervention is best for the nurse to implement?

A. Tell the client to keep her belongings because she will need them at discharge
B. Ask the client if she has had any recent thoughts of harming herself
C. Reassure the client that the antidepressant drugs are apparently effective
D. Support the client by telling her what wonderful progress she is making

Correct answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, the nurse should ask the client if she has had any recent thoughts of harming herself. Sudden mood improvements and behavioral changes, like giving away belongings, can be concerning signs of possible suicidal ideation. Assessing for suicidal thoughts is crucial to ensure the client's safety. Choice A is incorrect as it does not address the potential risk of harm or assess for suicidal ideation. Choice C is incorrect because simply reassuring the client about the effectiveness of antidepressants does not address the immediate concern of suicidal ideation. Choice D is incorrect as it focuses on praising progress without addressing the potential risk of harm the client may pose to herself.

3. What is the function of the cervix in reproduction?

A. Accepts and interprets signals of sexual stimuli
B. Secretes mucus to facilitate sperm transport
C. Serves as the site for union of ovum and sperm
D. Receives the penis during intercourse

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The cervix functions in reproduction by secreting mucus that facilitates the transport of sperm to the uterus. Choice A is incorrect because the cervix does not interpret signals of sexual stimuli. Choice C is incorrect as the site for the union of ovum and sperm is the fallopian tube. Choice D is incorrect as the cervix is not involved in receiving the penis during intercourse.

4. The client with hypertension is being taught about lifestyle changes. Which recommendation is most important to include?

A. Increase sodium intake
B. Engage in regular physical activity
C. Consume a diet high in saturated fats
D. Limit fluid intake

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Engaging in regular physical activity is crucial for managing hypertension as it helps lower blood pressure. Regular exercise can improve heart health, increase circulation, and contribute to overall well-being, all of which are beneficial for individuals with hypertension. Choice A, increasing sodium intake, is incorrect as reducing sodium is recommended for hypertension to help lower blood pressure. Choice C, consuming a diet high in saturated fats, is incorrect as a diet high in saturated fats can negatively impact blood pressure and cardiovascular health. Choice D, limiting fluid intake, is incorrect as maintaining adequate hydration is important for overall health and not directly related to hypertension management.

5. A client is admitted to the hospital with second and third degree burns to the face and neck. How should the nurse best position the client to maximize function of the neck and face and prevent contracture?

A. The neck extended backward using a rolled towel behind the neck
B. Prone position using pillows to support both arms outward from the torso
C. Side-lying position using pillows to support the abdomen and back
D. The neck forward using pillows under the head and sandbags on both sides

Correct answer: D

Rationale: After sustaining burns to the face and neck, positioning is crucial to maintain functional posture, reduce pain, and prevent contractures. Placing the neck forward using pillows under the head and sandbags on both sides is the best option in this scenario. This position helps prevent neck and facial contractures, allowing for optimal function and healing. Choices A, B, and C do not adequately address the specific needs of a client with burns to the face and neck. Choice A could potentially exacerbate neck contractures, Choice B focuses on arm support rather than neck and face positioning, and Choice C does not directly address the needs of the burned face and neck, making them less effective in preventing contractures in these critical areas.