HESI LPN
Medical Surgical Assignment Exam HESI Quizlet
1. The healthcare provider is assessing a client with a chest tube. Which finding indicates that the chest tube is functioning properly?
- A. Continuous bubbling in the water seal chamber
- B. Tidaling in the water seal chamber
- C. Absence of drainage in the collection chamber
- D. Fluid level in the suction control chamber is below the prescribed level
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Tidaling in the water seal chamber indicates proper chest tube function. Tidaling refers to the rise and fall of fluid in the water seal with inhalation and exhalation, demonstrating the patency of the system. Continuous bubbling (Choice A) in the water seal chamber indicates an air leak. Absence of drainage in the collection chamber (Choice C) is not a desired finding as it suggests no drainage is occurring. A fluid level below the prescribed level in the suction control chamber (Choice D) may indicate inadequate suction.
2. What explanation should be given to a parent about the purpose of a tetanus toxoid injection for their child?
- A. Passive immunity is conferred for life.
- B. Long-lasting active immunity is conferred.
- C. Lifelong active natural immunity is conferred.
- D. Passive natural immunity is conferred temporarily.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Long-lasting active immunity is conferred.' Tetanus toxoid injection provides long-lasting active immunity by stimulating the body to produce its own antibodies. Choice A is incorrect because tetanus toxoid injection does not provide passive immunity. Choice C is incorrect because the immunity conferred by the vaccine is not natural but artificially induced. Choice D is incorrect as the immunity provided by the tetanus toxoid injection is active, not passive.
3. What title should be given to this occupational health nurse job description? A registered nurse who functions in a comprehensive executive role to set goals, formulate policy, and direct and evaluate the health service.
- A. manager
- B. researcher
- C. health educator
- D. health promotion specialist
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is 'manager.' In the job description provided, the role involves setting goals, formulating policy, and directing and evaluating health services, which aligns with the responsibilities of a manager. A 'researcher' primarily focuses on conducting research, a 'health educator' specializes in educating individuals about health-related topics, and a 'health promotion specialist' concentrates on promoting health and wellness initiatives. Therefore, 'manager' is the most suitable title for the described role.
4. What is the appropriate therapeutic management for children with Hirschsprung disease?
- A. daily enemas
- B. low-fiber diet
- C. permanent colostomy
- D. surgical removal of the affected section of bowel
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: surgical removal of the affected section of bowel. Hirschsprung disease is characterized by a segment of the colon lacking nerve cells, leading to obstruction. The definitive treatment involves surgically removing the affected segment, followed by a pull-through procedure to restore normal bowel continuity. Daily enemas (choice A) are not the primary treatment for Hirschsprung disease. While dietary adjustments may be advised, a low-fiber diet (choice B) alone is not curative for this condition. A permanent colostomy (choice C) is considered a last resort if surgical interventions fail or in severe cases, but it is not the initial therapeutic approach for managing Hirschsprung disease.
5. A client who is malnourished expresses concern about losing their loose wedding ring. What is the most appropriate action for the nurse to take?
- A. I can pin it to your hospital gown to prevent it from falling off.
- B. I will place it in your drawer to keep it safe.
- C. I will hold onto it until a family member can retrieve it.
- D. I can put it in a locked storage unit for you.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The most appropriate action for the nurse to take is to put the client's wedding ring in a locked storage unit for safekeeping. This ensures that the ring is secure and minimizes the risk of loss or damage. Choices A, B, and C do not provide the same level of security and protection as placing the ring in a locked storage unit. Pinning it to the hospital gown (Choice A) may not be secure and could still lead to loss. Placing it in the client's drawer (Choice B) may not guarantee its safety. Holding onto it until a family member retrieves it (Choice C) leaves the ring vulnerable to misplacement or theft.