Nursing Elites

1. What does the infant mortality rate measure?

• A. dying for every thousand of the population
• B. dying from 0-5 years old in every thousand population
• C. dying in the first 4 weeks in every thousand children born alive that year
• D. dying before 1 year old in every thousand children born alive that year

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The infant mortality rate measures the number of deaths occurring before 1 year old per 1000 live births. This is a crucial indicator of a population's health status and access to healthcare for infants. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because the infant mortality rate specifically focuses on deaths within the first year of life, not the entire population or different age ranges.

2. The nurse is caring for a client on mechanical ventilation. When performing endotracheal suctioning, the nurse will avoid hypoxia by

• A. Inserting a fenestrated catheter with a whistle tip without suction
• B. Completing the suction pass in 30 seconds with a pressure of 150 mm Hg
• C. Hyperoxygenating with 100% O2 for 1 to 2 minutes before and after each suction pass
• D. Minimizing the suction pass to 60 seconds while slowly rotating the lubricated catheter

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Hyperoxygenating the client before and after suctioning helps prevent hypoxia by ensuring adequate oxygen levels during the procedure, which briefly interrupts the client's normal breathing pattern. Choice A is incorrect because inserting a fenestrated catheter with a whistle tip without suction would not prevent hypoxia. Choice B is incorrect as completing the suction pass in 30 seconds with a pressure of 150 mm Hg may lead to hypoxia. Choice D is incorrect as minimizing the suction pass to 60 seconds may not provide enough time for effective suctioning and could lead to hypoxia.

3. For Barangay Mabulaklak, you intend to conduct health education sessions for a group of mothers. Which of the following topics for discussion will be given least priority:

• A. proper selection and preparation of food
• B. handwashing before preparing food
• C. cutting children's fingernails short
• D. overcrowding and its effect

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D - 'overcrowding and its effect.' While overcrowding is an important topic, it will be given least priority compared to the other choices when conducting health education sessions for a group of mothers. Proper selection and preparation of food (Choice A) is crucial for ensuring adequate nutrition, handwashing before preparing food (Choice B) is essential for preventing foodborne illnesses, and cutting children's fingernails short (Choice C) is important for maintaining good hygiene. Overcrowding, although significant in the context of public health, might be considered less immediately relevant for a group of mothers in a health education session focused on more direct and practical aspects of family health and hygiene.

4. A community health nurse is developing a program to decrease the incidence of Type 2 diabetes in the community. Which of the following interventions should be included?

• A. distributing brochures on managing diabetes
• B. conducting exercise classes at the community center
• C. providing free glucose monitors
• D. offering dietary counseling sessions

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: conducting exercise classes at the community center. Regular physical activity plays a crucial role in preventing Type 2 diabetes by helping to maintain a healthy weight, improve insulin sensitivity, and regulate blood sugar levels. Distributing brochures (choice A) may raise awareness but might not lead to significant behavior change. Providing free glucose monitors (choice C) focuses on monitoring rather than prevention. Offering dietary counseling sessions (choice D) is important but focusing solely on diet may not address the comprehensive approach needed to prevent Type 2 diabetes.

5. When designing a home health care program for disabled children, which factor should be considered when assessing reimbursement for services from private insurance companies?

• A. greater access to any healthcare provider
• B. allowance for early discharge
• C. concern for the quality of care
• D. approval by the network healthcare provider

Correct answer: D

Rationale: When assessing reimbursement for services from private insurance companies, approval by the network healthcare provider is crucial. This approval ensures that the services provided are within the approved network, allowing for reimbursement. Choices A, B, and C are not directly related to the reimbursement process by private insurance companies. While greater access to any healthcare provider, allowance for early discharge, and concern for the quality of care are important considerations when designing a home health care program, they do not specifically impact the reimbursement process from private insurance companies.

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