individuals with klinefelter syndrome produce

HESI LPN

HESI Maternity 55 Questions

1. Individuals with Klinefelter syndrome produce:

A. less estrogen than normal males.
B. less testosterone than normal males.
C. less adenine than normal males.
D. less thymine than normal males.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Individuals with Klinefelter syndrome have an extra X chromosome (XXY), leading to reduced production of testosterone, the primary male sex hormone. This deficiency can result in various physical and developmental characteristics associated with the syndrome. Estrogen levels may actually be relatively elevated due to the imbalance between testosterone and estrogen. Choices C and D are incorrect as adenine and thymine are nucleotide bases found in DNA and are not related to hormone production.

2. Which of the following processes happen during mitosis?

A. Strands of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) break apart.
B. Adenine combines with its appropriate partner, cytosine.
C. Sperm and ova cells are created.
D. Twenty-three chromosomes are created.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct process that happens during mitosis is the breaking apart, replication, and division of DNA strands into two new cells, each with the same number of chromosomes as the original cell. Choice B is incorrect because it describes base pairing in DNA, not a process specific to mitosis. Choice C is incorrect as the creation of sperm and ova cells is related to meiosis, not mitosis. Choice D is incorrect because chromosomes are not created during mitosis; they are replicated and divided equally between the daughter cells.

3. On the first postpartum day, the nurse examines the breasts of a new mother. Which condition is the nurse most likely to find?

A. Firm, larger, and very tender to the touch
B. Slightly firm with an immediate let-down response
C. Soft with no change from before delivery
D. Filling and secreting colostrum

Correct answer: D

Rationale: On the first postpartum day, the nurse is most likely to find the breasts filling and secreting colostrum. Colostrum secretion is common as the body prepares for breastfeeding in the initial days after delivery. Choice A is incorrect as breasts are not typically very tender immediately postpartum. Choice B is incorrect as an immediate let-down response is more related to lactation rather than the first postpartum day. Choice C is incorrect as the breasts typically undergo changes, such as filling with colostrum, after delivery.

4. Which of the following statements is true of Down’s syndrome?

A. Down’s syndrome is usually caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21 in an individual.
B. The symptoms of Down’s syndrome are similar to those of sickle-cell anemia.
C. Down’s syndrome is caused by a sexually transmitted infection (STI) during conception.
D. The probability of having a child with Down’s syndrome increases with the age of the parents.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. The likelihood of having a child with Down’s syndrome increases as the age of the parents increases, particularly the mother's age. Choice A is incorrect because Down’s syndrome is caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21, not a defect in the sex chromosomes. Choice B is incorrect as the symptoms of Down’s syndrome and sickle-cell anemia are different. Choice C is also incorrect as Down’s syndrome is not caused by a sexually transmitted infection during conception.

5. A nurse on a labor and delivery unit is providing teaching to a client who plans to use hypnosis to control labor pain. Which of the following information should the nurse include?

A. Focusing on controlling body functions
B. Synchronized breathing is often helpful during hypnosis
C. Hypnosis can be beneficial if practiced during the prenatal period
D. Hypnosis is ineffective for controlling pain associated with labor

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Hypnosis can be an effective method of pain control during labor, especially if practiced during the prenatal period. Choice A is not specific to hypnosis and may not be directly related. Choice B is not essential for hypnosis and may not always be required. Choice D is incorrect as hypnosis has been shown to be beneficial for managing labor pain when done correctly, making it an inappropriate option to include in the teaching.