HESI LPN
Community Health HESI Test Bank 2023
1. In providing comprehensive family health care, the nurse utilizes four (4) basic processes. These are listed in the order in which they are carried out as follows:
- A. assessment, planning, intervention, and evaluation
- B. assessment, intervention, planning, and evaluation
- C. planning, assessment, intervention, and evaluation
- D. planning, intervention, evaluation, and assessment
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct order for the basic processes in providing comprehensive family health care is assessment, planning, intervention, and evaluation. Assessment is the first step to gather information, followed by planning to set goals and strategies, then intervention to implement the plan, and finally evaluation to assess the outcomes. Choice A is correct as it follows this logical sequence. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not follow the correct order of these essential processes in nursing care.
2. A homeless male client with a history of alcohol abuse had a CVA 10 years ago that resulted in left hemiparesis. Today he is brought to the clinic reporting pain in his left leg. He is afebrile, has 4+ pitting edema in the lower left leg, and has minimal swelling of the right leg. Which action should the PN implement first?
- A. Obtain a blood alcohol test
- B. Inspect legs for infection or trauma
- C. Complete a mental status exam
- D. Inquire about dietary salt intake
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Inspecting the legs for infection or trauma is the priority to assess the cause of the pain and edema, which could indicate deep vein thrombosis or cellulitis. Checking for signs of infection or trauma is crucial in this scenario to rule out potentially serious conditions. Obtaining a blood alcohol test, completing a mental status exam, or inquiring about dietary salt intake can be considered after addressing the immediate concern of identifying any infection or trauma in the leg.
3. Which client will benefit most from the application of pneumatic compression devices to the lower extremities? The client who
- A. is immobile on prescribed bedrest.
- B. has pressure ulcers on several toes.
- C. has diminished pedal pulse volume.
- D. is confused and trying to climb out of bed.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Pneumatic compression devices are most beneficial for immobile clients on prescribed bedrest to prevent deep vein thrombosis. Applying these devices helps in promoting circulation and preventing blood clots. Choices B, C, and D do not specifically relate to the primary indication for pneumatic compression devices, making them incorrect. Pressure ulcers, diminished pedal pulse volume, and confusion with climbing out of bed may require different interventions or treatments.
4. The nurse is assisting low-income families to access health care. The nurse is aware that, in today's society, this most accurately defines the diversity of a modern family.
- A. A family consists of parents and their offspring living together.
- B. A family is whatever the child and family say it is.
- C. A family is two or more people related or unrelated who are living together.
- D. A family is two or more genetically related persons living together with separate roles.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: In today's diverse society, the concept of family has evolved beyond traditional definitions. Choice B, 'A family is whatever the child and family say it is,' reflects the contemporary understanding that families can take various forms, based on self-identification and individual perspectives. Choice A is too restrictive, as modern families may not solely consist of parents and their offspring living together. Choice C is somewhat inclusive but lacks the recognition of self-identification and diversity within families. Choice D focuses on genetic relation and roles, which may not apply to all modern family structures. Therefore, choice B is the most suitable and inclusive definition of a modern family in today's society.
5. A client reports increased pain following physical therapy. Which of the following questions should be asked to assess the quality of the pain?
- A. Is your pain sharp or dull?
- B. Is your pain constant or intermittent?
- C. On a scale from 1 to 10, how severe is your pain?
- D. Where exactly is your pain located?
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Correct Answer: A. Asking whether the pain is sharp or dull helps in determining the quality of the pain. Sharp pain is often associated with acute conditions, while dull pain may indicate chronic issues. Choices B, C, and D focus on different aspects of pain assessment. Option B pertains to the pattern of pain, either constant or intermittent. Option C addresses the severity of pain on a numerical scale. Option D inquires about the location of pain. While all these questions are essential in pain assessment, when specifically evaluating the quality of pain, distinguishing between sharp and dull sensations is crucial.