Nursing Elites

1. How should a healthcare professional manage a child with a newly inserted central venous catheter?

• A. Monitor for signs of infection
• B. Restrict all physical activity
• C. Administer routine antibiotics
• D. Increase fluid intake only

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Monitoring for signs of infection is crucial in managing a central venous catheter to prevent complications. This involves observing for redness, swelling, warmth, or drainage at the catheter site, as these can indicate an infection. Restricting physical activity unnecessarily (choice B) can hinder the child's recovery and quality of life. Administering routine antibiotics (choice C) without a confirmed infection can lead to antibiotic resistance and unnecessary side effects. Increasing fluid intake only (choice D) is not the primary intervention for managing a central venous catheter.

2. What is a common sign of a urinary tract infection in older children?

• A. Frequent urination
• B. Increased appetite
• C. Elevated blood pressure
• D. Decreased energy levels

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Frequent urination is a common sign of a urinary tract infection in older children. It is often accompanied by other symptoms such as pain or discomfort. Increased appetite (Choice B) is not typically associated with urinary tract infections. Elevated blood pressure (Choice C) is more commonly linked to conditions like hypertension, not urinary tract infections. Decreased energy levels (Choice D) can be a sign of various health issues but are not a typical symptom of a urinary tract infection.

3. How should hydration status in a child with fever and vomiting be assessed?

• A. Monitor skin turgor and mucous membranes
• B. Measure blood glucose levels
• C. Check for signs of jaundice
• D. Assess respiratory rate

Correct answer: A

Rationale: To assess hydration status in a child with fever and vomiting, monitoring skin turgor and mucous membranes is essential. Skin turgor refers to the skin's ability to change shape and return to normal; poor skin turgor can indicate dehydration. Mucous membranes, such as the mouth and eyes, can also provide valuable information about hydration levels. Measuring blood glucose levels (Choice B) is not directly related to assessing hydration status. Checking for signs of jaundice (Choice C) is important for liver-related issues, not hydration assessment. Assessing respiratory rate (Choice D) is crucial for evaluating respiratory function, not hydration status.

4. What is the recommended daily intake of fiber for adults?

• A. 10 grams
• B. 15 grams
• C. 20 grams
• D. 25 grams

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The recommended daily intake of fiber for adults is 25 grams. Fiber plays a crucial role in maintaining digestive health, preventing constipation, and aiding in weight management. Options A (10 grams), B (15 grams), and C (20 grams) are incorrect as they are below the recommended daily intake of fiber for adults, which is 25 grams.

5. What is the study of how a person's genes interact with nutrients?

• A. genetic counseling
• B. nutritional genomics
• C. genetic metabolomics
• D. nutritional genetics

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Nutritional genomics, the correct answer, specifically focuses on how a person's genes interact with nutrients, affecting health and disease. Genetic counseling (choice A) refers to the process of helping people understand and adapt to the medical, psychological, and familial implications of genetic contributions to disease. Genetic metabolomics (choice C) combines genetic and metabolomic data to study metabolic pathways. Nutritional genetics (choice D) generally refers to the broader field of genetics as it relates to nutrition, while nutritional genomics, the most precise term, delves into the specific gene-nutrient interactions.

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