Nursing Elites

1. Environmental sanitation is the primary problem in community Y. As a stranger to the health unit, one of the major strategies in your plan is the improvement of the environmental health conditions of the community. To indicate this, which of the following would you do?

• A. meet with youth officials and parents' group leaders
• B. meet with religious and educational leaders
• C. request mayors to create a task force to help implement your project
• D. inform local announcers to disseminate the what and why of your project

Correct answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, requesting mayors to create a task force is the most effective strategy to improve environmental health conditions in the community. Engaging with local government officials ensures the allocation of resources, coordination of efforts, and the implementation of sustainable solutions. While meeting with youth officials, parents' group leaders, religious and educational leaders are important, involving mayors in creating a task force will lead to broader community involvement and support. Informing local announcers about the project, although helpful for awareness, is not as impactful as engaging with local authorities for tangible change.

2. Which finding would be the most characteristic of an acute episode of reactive airway disease?

• A. Auditory gurgling
• B. Inspiratory laryngeal stridor
• C. Auditory expiratory wheezing
• D. Frequent dry coughing

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Auditory expiratory wheezing. Expiratory wheezing is a common sign of reactive airway disease, such as asthma, where airways are constricted, making it difficult to expel air from the lungs. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they are not typically associated with reactive airway disease. Auditory gurgling may suggest airway secretions or fluid accumulation, inspiratory laryngeal stridor indicates upper airway obstruction, and frequent dry coughing is more commonly seen in conditions like upper respiratory infections or postnasal drip.

3. The nurse is teaching childbirth preparation classes. One woman asks about her rights to develop a birthing plan. Which response made by the nurse would be best?

• A. "What is your reason for wanting such a plan?"
• B. "Have you talked with your health care provider about this?"
• C. "Let us discuss your rights as a couple."
• D. "Write your ideal plan for the next class."

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Discussing the rights as a couple allows for open communication and helps ensure that the birthing plan aligns with the couple's preferences and medical advice.

4. As a community health nurse engaged in the process of community empowerment, which action is essential for you to take?

• A. Gathering data from the community
• B. Making decisions for people in the community
• C. Forming partnerships with people in the community
• D. Accepting responsibility for people’s actions

Correct answer: C

Rationale: In the process of community empowerment, forming partnerships with people in the community is essential. This fosters collaboration, engagement, and shared decision-making, enabling the community to identify its needs, resources, and priorities. Gathering data from the community (Choice A) is important for understanding the community's health status but forming partnerships goes beyond data collection by actively involving community members in decision-making. Making decisions for people in the community (Choice B) undermines empowerment as it takes away their autonomy and control. Accepting responsibility for people’s actions (Choice D) is not synonymous with empowerment and can lead to disempowerment by creating dependency rather than fostering self-reliance and self-determination.

5. A home health nurse is at the home of a client with diabetes and arthritis. The client has difficulty drawing up insulin. It would be most appropriate for the nurse to refer the client to:

• A. A social worker from the local hospital
• B. An occupational therapist from the community center
• C. A physical therapist from the rehabilitation agency
• D. Another client with diabetes mellitus who takes insulin

Correct answer: B

Rationale: An occupational therapist is the most appropriate professional to refer the client to in this situation. Occupational therapists can provide assistance with techniques and tools to help the client manage insulin administration despite arthritis. Referring the client to a social worker (Choice A) may not directly address the client's difficulty with insulin. While physical therapists (Choice C) focus on mobility and strength, they may not specialize in techniques for insulin administration. Referring the client to another client with diabetes (Choice D) is not a professional or appropriate solution to address the client's difficulty.

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