diabetes insipidus is the result of

HESI LPN

HESI Leadership and Management Test Bank

1. Diabetes insipidus is the result of:

A. A diet high in sugar and carbohydrates.
B. A complicated pregnancy.
C. A disorder of the pancreas.
D. A disorder of the pituitary gland.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Diabetes insipidus is caused by a disorder of the pituitary gland affecting ADH regulation. This disorder results in the decreased production or release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), leading to the inability of the kidneys to concentrate urine properly. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not relate to the underlying cause of diabetes insipidus.

2. Which individual is most at risk for Osgood-Schlatter disease?

A. An elderly female who is hospitalized with a hip fracture and on bed rest
B. A middle-aged male patient who has been exposed to asbestos in the shipping industry
C. An adolescent who is physically active and the captain of their soccer team
D. An infant of low birth weight and a gestational age of 28 weeks

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Osgood-Schlatter disease is a condition that commonly affects adolescents who are physically active, especially during growth spurts. It is caused by overuse of the knee, leading to inflammation of the patellar ligament at the tibial tuberosity. The repetitive stress on the growth plate during activities like running and jumping can trigger this condition. Therefore, an adolescent who is physically active and the captain of their soccer team is most at risk for Osgood-Schlatter disease. Choices A, B, and D are not at high risk for this condition as it is primarily seen in active adolescents.

3. A nurse is orienting a newly licensed nurse about client confidentiality. Which of the following statements by the newly licensed nurse indicates an understanding of the teaching?

A. I can use another nurse's password as long as I log off after using the computer
B. I should encrypt personal health information when sending emails
C. I can post the client's vital signs in the client's room
D. I should discard personal health information documents in the trash before leaving the unit

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because encrypting personal health information when sending emails is a crucial aspect of maintaining client confidentiality. This process ensures that sensitive information is protected during electronic communication. Choice A is incorrect as sharing passwords violates client confidentiality. Choice C is incorrect as posting client's vital signs breaches confidentiality. Choice D is incorrect as discarding personal health information in the trash can lead to unauthorized access.

4. What is the most common cause of HHNS?

A. Insulin overdose
B. Removal of the adrenal gland
C. Undiagnosed, untreated hyperpituitarism
D. Undiagnosed, untreated diabetes mellitus

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Undiagnosed, untreated diabetes mellitus. Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome (HHNS) is most commonly caused by undiagnosed and untreated diabetes mellitus. Insulin overdose (Choice A) is not a typical cause of HHNS; it is more related to hypoglycemia. Removal of the adrenal gland (Choice B) can lead to adrenal insufficiency but is not a common cause of HHNS. Undiagnosed, untreated hyperpituitarism (Choice C) is not a usual cause of HHNS; it is more related to pituitary hormone imbalances rather than hyperglycemia.

5. Select the nursing theorist who is accurately paired with the theory or model of nursing that they are credited with.

A. The Twelve Nursing Problems: Faye Glenn Abdullah
B. The Nature of Nursing: Imogene King
C. The Goal Attainment Theory: Virginia Henderson
D. The Interpersonal Relations Model: Hildegard Peplau

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Hildegard Peplau is credited with the Interpersonal Relations Model in nursing. Faye Glenn Abdullah is associated with the Developmental Theory of Nursing. Imogene King developed the Theory of Goal Attainment. Virginia Henderson is known for the Definition of Nursing. Therefore, among the given options, only Hildegard Peplau is correctly paired with the Interpersonal Relations Model.