diabetes insipidus is the result of

HESI LPN

HESI Leadership and Management Test Bank

1. Diabetes insipidus is the result of:

A. A diet high in sugar and carbohydrates.
B. A complicated pregnancy.
C. A disorder of the pancreas.
D. A disorder of the pituitary gland.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Diabetes insipidus is caused by a disorder of the pituitary gland affecting ADH regulation. This disorder results in the decreased production or release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), leading to the inability of the kidneys to concentrate urine properly. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not relate to the underlying cause of diabetes insipidus.

2. Which of the following most accurately describes a current concern in health care today?

A. Health care-associated (nosocomial) infections continue to increase, not limited to health-care settings.
B. Despite preventable deaths increasing from the opioid crisis, life expectancy in the United States has slightly risen over the last 2 years.
C. Although adverse drug events persist, medication errors have not been completely eliminated through the use of electronic medication administration records.
D. Gun violence has become a growing public health concern.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Gun violence has become a growing public health concern due to the increasing rates of injury and death caused by the misuse of firearms. Choice A is incorrect because health care-associated infections are not limited to health-care settings and continue to increase. Choice B is inaccurate as preventable deaths from the opioid crisis have not led to a rise in life expectancy in the United States. Choice C is incorrect as medication errors have not been completely eliminated despite the use of electronic medication administration records.

3. Which of the following is true regarding the Affordable Care Act?

A. The Affordable Care Act addressed issues of interest to nursing without controversy.
B. The Affordable Care Act addressed issues of mandatory overtime, incivility, and high workloads for nurses.
C. The Affordable Care Act provided a new patient-centered model for health care.
D. The Affordable Care Act attempted to address many of the issues of interest to nursing, but came with much controversy.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. The Affordable Care Act attempted to address many issues relevant to nursing, such as mandatory overtime, incivility, and high workloads, but it faced significant controversy. Choice A is incorrect as the act did not address nursing issues without controversy. Choice B is incorrect as it inaccurately lists the issues the act addressed. Choice C is incorrect as it does not fully capture the controversy surrounding the Affordable Care Act.

4. Your client is adversely affected with fever, night sweats, occult hematuria, tenderness of the spleen, and Osler's nodes. What disorder would you most likely suspect?

A. Tuberculosis
B. AIDS/HIV
C. Pericarditis
D. Endocarditis

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The client is likely suffering from endocarditis based on the symptoms described. Endocarditis is characterized by fever, night sweats, hematuria, splenomegaly (tenderness of the spleen), and Osler's nodes (painful nodules on the pads of the fingers or toes). While tuberculosis and AIDS/HIV can present with some similar symptoms, the presence of Osler's nodes is more specific to endocarditis. Pericarditis typically presents with chest pain, not the combination of symptoms seen in this case.

5. Although there is projected to be a small surplus of nurses by 2030, some states will continue to see nursing shortages. Which of the following is the best explanation for this situation?

A. Healthcare legislation that impacts nursing salaries in some states
B. Workforce availability
C. Aging of the baby boomers, resulting in a younger nursing workforce
D. Population declines

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The best explanation for the continued nursing shortages in some states despite an overall projected surplus by 2030 is workforce availability. This factor directly impacts the number of nurses available in certain regions. Choice A about healthcare legislation affecting nursing salaries does not directly address the availability of nurses. Choice C is incorrect as the aging of the baby boomers would typically imply an older nursing workforce instead of a younger one. Choice D regarding population declines does not necessarily relate to the availability of nurses in specific states.