HESI LPN
LPN Nutrition Practice Test
1. A weight reduction regimen calls for a daily intake of 1400 kilocalories, which includes 30 grams of fat. What percentage of the total energy is contributed by fat?
- A. 8.50%
- B. 15.00%
- C. 19.00%
- D. 25.50%
Correct answer: C
Rationale: To calculate the percentage of total energy contributed by fat, first determine the energy from fat by multiplying the fat amount (30g) by the energy density of fat (9 kcal/g), which equals 270 kcal. Then, divide the energy from fat (270 kcal) by the total energy intake (1400 kcal) and multiply by 100 to find the percentage: (270 kcal / 1400 kcal) * 100 = 19.29% ≈ 19.00%. Therefore, fat contributes approximately 19% of the total energy in the diet. Choice A (8.50%) is too low, while choices B (15.00%) and D (25.50%) are incorrect calculations based on the given information.
2. What is an important aspect of managing a child with asthma in a school setting?
- A. Limiting physical activity
- B. Ensuring access to emergency medications
- C. Reducing the number of classes attended
- D. Avoiding interaction with other students
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ensuring access to emergency medications. In a school setting, it is crucial to have emergency medications available for a child with asthma in case of an asthma attack. This helps in managing asthma effectively and promptly. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because limiting physical activity, reducing the number of classes attended, and avoiding interaction with other students are not recommended strategies for managing asthma in a school setting. Encouraging physical activity, ensuring regular attendance, and promoting social interactions are important for the overall well-being of a child with asthma.
3. How should a healthcare professional approach the care of a child with a newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes?
- A. Emphasize the importance of blood glucose monitoring
- B. Avoid insulin therapy
- C. Encourage a high-carbohydrate diet
- D. Recommend alternative therapies only
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Corrected Rationale: Emphasizing the importance of blood glucose monitoring is crucial for managing type 1 diabetes effectively. Monitoring blood glucose levels helps in maintaining optimal control of the condition, adjusting treatment plans as necessary, and preventing complications. Choice B is incorrect because insulin therapy is the mainstay treatment for type 1 diabetes to regulate blood sugar levels. Choice C is incorrect because while diet is important, encouraging a high-carbohydrate diet can lead to fluctuations in blood sugar levels. Choice D is incorrect because alternative therapies should not replace standard medical treatment like insulin therapy in type 1 diabetes management.
4. What is one benefit of using a large sample size in an experiment?
- A. Chance variation is less likely to affect the results.
- B. The possibility of a placebo effect is eliminated.
- C. The experiment will be double-blind.
- D. The control group will be similar to the experimental group.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Corrected Rationale: Using a large sample size reduces the likelihood of chance variation affecting the results, providing more reliable data. Choice B is incorrect because the placebo effect is related to participants' beliefs, not sample size. Choice C is incorrect as double-blind refers to a method of reducing bias, not directly related to sample size. Choice D is incorrect because the similarity between the control and experimental groups is not solely dependent on sample size.
5. What is a common side effect of corticosteroid therapy in children?
- A. Increased appetite
- B. Decreased blood glucose levels
- C. Inhibited growth
- D. Mood changes
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Increased appetite. Corticosteroid therapy commonly causes increased appetite in children. This side effect can lead to weight gain and other metabolic changes. Option B is incorrect because corticosteroid therapy is more likely to result in increased blood glucose levels. Option C is incorrect because corticosteroid therapy can inhibit growth due to its impact on the endocrine system. Option D is incorrect because corticosteroid therapy can lead to mood changes such as irritability or even mood swings rather than improved mood.
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