Nursing Elites

1. A client has pharyngeal diphtheria. Which of the following types of transmission precautions should the nurse initiate?

• A. Droplet
• B. Contact
• C. Airborne
• D. Protective

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Pharyngeal diphtheria is transmitted via droplets, primarily through respiratory secretions. Therefore, droplet precautions are necessary to prevent the spread of the infection. Droplet precautions involve wearing a surgical mask, goggles, and a gown when within three feet of the client. Contact precautions are used for diseases transmitted by direct or indirect contact; airborne precautions are for diseases transmitted through airborne particles; protective precautions are not a standard precaution type.

2. The healthcare provider is teaching a patient about contact lens care. Which instructions will the healthcare provider include in the teaching session?

• A. Use tap water to clean soft lenses.
• B. Wash and rinse the lens storage case daily.
• C. Reuse storage solution for no longer than a week.
• D. Keep the lenses in a cool, dry place when not in use.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Washing and rinsing the lens storage case daily is essential to prevent contamination and infections. Choice A is incorrect as tap water should not be used to clean soft lenses due to the risk of introducing harmful microorganisms. Choice C is incorrect as the storage solution should not be reused for longer than recommended to maintain its effectiveness and prevent eye infections. Choice D is incorrect because lenses should be stored in a clean, disinfected case, not just in a cool, dry place, to avoid contamination.

3. Which task can the RN delegate to an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP)?

• A. Take a history on a newly admitted client
• B. Adjust the rate of a gastric tube feeding
• C. Check the blood pressure of a 2-hour postoperative client
• D. Check on a client receiving chemotherapy

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Checking the blood pressure of a 2-hour postoperative client is a task that can be safely delegated to an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) as it falls within their scope of practice. This task is routine and does not require specialized nursing knowledge or critical decision-making. Options A, B, and D involve tasks that require a higher level of training and critical thinking beyond the scope of a UAP. Taking a history, adjusting tube feeding rates, and monitoring a client receiving chemotherapy are responsibilities that should be performed by licensed healthcare providers who have the necessary skills and training.

4. When a nurse instructs a client with hearing loss about cleaning their new hearing aids, which statement indicates that the client understands the instructions?

• A. I use a damp cloth to clean the outside part of my hearing aids.
• B. I clean my hearing aids' ear molds with rubbing alcohol.
• C. I always keep the volume of my hearing aids turned up for better hearing.
• D. I remove the batteries from my hearing aids when not in use at night.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because cleaning the outside part of hearing aids with a damp cloth is an appropriate method. Rubbing alcohol can damage ear molds, so choice B is incorrect. Keeping the volume of hearing aids turned up high may lead to discomfort, making choice C incorrect. Removing batteries when not in use at night is good practice for battery life, but it does not directly relate to understanding cleaning instructions, so choice D is less relevant in this context.

5. A patient's hygiene schedule of bathing and brushing teeth is largely influenced by family customs. For which age group is the nurse most likely providing care?

• A. Adolescent
• B. Preschooler
• C. Older adult
• D. Adult

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Preschooler. Family customs have a significant impact on hygiene practices during childhood, especially in the early years. Preschoolers are at an age where they are learning and forming habits, and family customs play a crucial role in establishing routines such as bathing and brushing teeth. Adolescents, older adults, and adults are more likely to have established their own hygiene routines that may not be as heavily influenced by family customs as in early childhood. Therefore, the nurse is most likely providing care to a preschooler in this scenario.

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