HESI LPN
HESI Pediatrics Quizlet
1. A child is being assessed for suspected appendicitis. What clinical manifestation is the healthcare professional likely to observe?
- A. Right lower quadrant pain
- B. Left lower quadrant pain
- C. Rebound tenderness
- D. Epigastric pain
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Right lower quadrant pain is a classic symptom of appendicitis. The appendix is typically located in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen, so pain in this area is commonly associated with appendicitis. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because left lower quadrant pain, rebound tenderness, and epigastric pain are not typical manifestations of appendicitis. Left lower quadrant pain is not associated with appendicitis since the appendix is situated in the right lower quadrant. Rebound tenderness is more commonly linked with peritonitis rather than appendicitis. Epigastric pain is not a typical presentation of appendicitis as the pain is usually localized to the right lower quadrant.
2. A client is admitted with Atrial Fibrillation and is administered amiodarone (Cordarone). What therapeutic response should the nurse anticipate?
- A. Conversion of irregular heart rate to regular heart rhythm
- B. Pulse oximetry readings within normal range during activity
- C. Peripheral pulse points with adequate capillary refill
- D. Increase in exercise tolerance without shortness of breath
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Conversion of irregular heart rate to regular heart rhythm. Amiodarone is a medication commonly used to restore and maintain normal heart rhythm in clients with atrial fibrillation. It works by slowing down the electrical signals in the heart, helping to regulate the heartbeat. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not directly relate to the therapeutic response expected from administering amiodarone in a client with atrial fibrillation. Pulse oximetry readings, peripheral pulses, capillary refill, and exercise tolerance are important assessments but are not the primary therapeutic goal of using amiodarone in this situation.
3. Which of the following is an appropriate intervention for a patient experiencing a hypertensive crisis?
- A. Placing the patient in a supine position
- B. Administering a beta-blocker intravenously
- C. Encouraging the patient to drink fluids
- D. Applying a cold compress to the forehead
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Administering a beta-blocker intravenously is the correct intervention for a patient experiencing a hypertensive crisis. Beta-blockers help quickly reduce blood pressure and prevent complications such as stroke or heart attack. Placing the patient in a supine position can worsen the condition by reducing venous return and increasing the workload of the heart. Encouraging the patient to drink fluids is not recommended as it can exacerbate hypertension by increasing fluid volume. Applying a cold compress to the forehead does not address the underlying cause of the hypertensive crisis and is unlikely to provide significant benefit.
4. The healthcare provider is providing discharge instructions to a client with chronic heart failure. Which dietary recommendation is most appropriate?
- A. Increase fluid intake.
- B. Follow a low-sodium diet.
- C. Follow a high-protein diet.
- D. Increase sodium intake.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The most appropriate dietary recommendation for a client with chronic heart failure is to follow a low-sodium diet. This helps manage the condition by reducing fluid retention and the workload on the heart. High fluid intake can lead to fluid overload and exacerbate heart failure symptoms. While protein is important for overall health, a high-protein diet is not specifically indicated for chronic heart failure. Increasing sodium intake is contraindicated in heart failure as it can worsen fluid retention and increase the workload on the heart.
5. A client is talking with an older adult who is contemplating retirement. The client states, 'I keep thinking about how much I enjoy my job. I’m not sure I want to retire.' Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
- A. Let’s talk about how the change in your job status will affect you.
- B. You should consider how retirement will affect your financial situation.
- C. Retirement is a big change, take your time to decide.
- D. Have you thought about what you will do after you retire?
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct response is to discuss how the change in job status will affect the client. This helps the client consider the emotional and psychological impact of retirement. Choice B focuses solely on the financial aspect of retirement, which may not address the client's current concerns about enjoying their job. Choice C acknowledges the decision-making process but does not actively engage the client in exploring their feelings. Choice D shifts the focus to post-retirement plans without addressing the client's current hesitation about retiring.