HESI LPN
HESI Mental Health Practice Exam
1. A LPN/LVN is performing a follow-up teaching session with a client discharged 1 month ago. The client is taking fluoxetine (Prozac). What information would be important for the nurse to obtain during this client visit regarding the side effects of the medication?
- A. Cardiovascular symptoms
- B. Gastrointestinal dysfunctions
- C. Problems with mouth dryness
- D. Problems with excessive sweating
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Gastrointestinal dysfunctions.' Fluoxetine commonly causes gastrointestinal side effects such as nausea, diarrhea, or constipation. These symptoms can significantly impact the client's quality of life and adherence to the medication regimen. Monitoring gastrointestinal issues is crucial for the nurse to ensure the client's well-being and optimize treatment outcomes. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because cardiovascular symptoms, problems with mouth dryness, and problems with excessive sweating are not typically associated with fluoxetine use and are less likely to be a focus of concern during this client visit.
2. When caring for a client with borderline personality disorder, what is the most effective nursing intervention?
- A. Set clear and consistent boundaries for the client.
- B. Allow the client to vent their feelings without interruption.
- C. Encourage the client to participate in group therapy.
- D. Provide the client with frequent reassurance and support.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Setting clear and consistent boundaries is essential when caring for a client with borderline personality disorder. This intervention helps provide structure, maintain a therapeutic relationship, and prevent manipulative behaviors. Allowing the client to vent feelings without interruption (Choice B) may not address the underlying issues effectively. Encouraging participation in group therapy (Choice C) can be beneficial but setting boundaries is more crucial. Providing frequent reassurance and support (Choice D) may inadvertently reinforce maladaptive behaviors instead of promoting growth and independence.
3. A healthcare professional is admitting a client who has influenza. Which of the following types of transmission precautions should the healthcare professional initiate?
- A. Airborne
- B. Droplet
- C. Contact
- D. Protective environment
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Droplet precautions should be initiated for clients with infections that spread via droplet nuclei larger than 5 microns in diameter, such as influenza, rubella, meningococcal pneumonia, and streptococcal pharyngitis. In the case of influenza, the virus is primarily spread through respiratory droplets produced when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks. Airborne precautions are used for pathogens that remain infectious over long distances, typically smaller than 5 microns, like tuberculosis. Contact precautions are for diseases transmitted by direct or indirect contact, and protective environment precautions are for immunocompromised individuals to protect them from environmental pathogens.
4. A client who is bleeding after a vaginal delivery receives a prescription for methylergonovine (Methergine) 0.4 mg IM every 2 hours, not to exceed 5 doses. The medication is available in ampules containing 0.2 mg/ml. What is the maximum dosage in mg that the nurse should administer to this client? (Enter numeric value only)
- A. 2
- B. 3
- C. 4
- D. 5
Correct answer: A
Rationale: To calculate the maximum dosage in mg that the nurse should administer, multiply the dose per administration (0.4 mg) by the maximum number of doses allowed (5 doses): 0.4 mg/dose * 5 doses = 2 mg. Therefore, the nurse should administer a maximum dosage of 2 mg to the client. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not reflect the correct calculation based on the provided information.
5. The healthcare provider is preparing to administer an intramuscular injection to an adult client. Which site is the preferred location for this injection?
- A. Deltoid muscle.
- B. Vastus lateralis muscle.
- C. Ventrogluteal muscle.
- D. Dorsogluteal muscle.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The ventrogluteal site is preferred for intramuscular injections in adults due to its muscle mass and lower risk of nerve injury. The deltoid muscle is more commonly used for vaccines in adults, the vastus lateralis muscle is preferred in infants and young children, and the dorsogluteal muscle is associated with a higher risk of nerve injury and is no longer recommended for intramuscular injections.