HESI LPN
Pharmacology HESI 55 Questions 2023
1. A client with a history of atrial fibrillation is prescribed amiodarone. The nurse should monitor for which potential side effect?
- A. Pulmonary toxicity
- B. Liver toxicity
- C. Thyroid dysfunction
- D. Bradycardia
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Corrected Rationale: Amiodarone is known to cause pulmonary toxicity, which can manifest as respiratory symptoms. Monitoring for signs such as cough, dyspnea, or chest pain is essential to detect this serious side effect early and prevent further complications. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because while amiodarone can also cause liver toxicity, thyroid dysfunction, and bradycardia, pulmonary toxicity is the most serious side effect that requires immediate attention due to its potential life-threatening consequences.
2. The nurse is demonstrating wound care to a client following abdominal surgery. In what order should the nurse teach the technique?
- A. Remove old dressing using clean gloves. Discard gloves with old dressing
- B. Moisten sterile gauze with normal saline. Clean wound from least contaminated area to most contaminated area
- C. Apply sterile gauze dressing to wound area
- D. Secure dressing with tape
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct order ensures proper aseptic technique and wound care to prevent infection. The first step is to remove the old dressing using clean gloves to prevent contamination. Discarding the gloves with the old dressing helps maintain cleanliness. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because cleaning the wound, applying a new dressing, and securing it should come after removing the old dressing to maintain asepsis and prevent infection.
3. The patient is being taught about flossing and oral hygiene. What instruction will the nurse include in the teaching session?
- A. Using waxed floss helps prevent bleeding
- B. Flossing removes plaque and tartar from the teeth
- C. Flossing at least 3 times a day is beneficial
- D. Applying toothpaste before flossing is harmful
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Flossing is essential for removing plaque and tartar between teeth, contributing to better oral hygiene. Choice A is not entirely accurate as waxed floss may not solely prevent bleeding. Flossing three times a day, as mentioned in choice C, can be excessive and unnecessary, while choice D is incorrect as applying toothpaste before flossing is not harmful but might not provide additional benefits.
4. The healthcare provider prescribes the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) naproxen (Naprosyn) 500 mg PO twice a day for a client with osteoarthritis. During a follow-up visit one month later, the client tells the nurse, 'The pills don't seem to be working. They are not helping the pain at all.' Which factor should influence the nurse’s response?
- A. Noncompliance is probably impacting the optimum medication effectiveness.
- B. Drug dosage is inadequate and needs to be increased to four times a day.
- C. The drug needs 4 to 6 weeks to reach therapeutic levels in the bloodstream.
- D. NSAID response is variable, and another NSAID may be more effective.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. NSAID response can vary among individuals, and sometimes a different NSAID may be more effective for a specific client. In this case, since the current NSAID (naproxen) is not providing pain relief, it is reasonable to consider switching to another NSAID. Choice A is incorrect because there is no information provided to suggest noncompliance. Choice B is incorrect as increasing the dosage without assessing the response may lead to unnecessary side effects. Choice C is incorrect because although it may take time for NSAIDs to reach therapeutic levels, lack of pain relief after a month is a valid reason to consider changing the medication rather than waiting longer.
5. What title should be given to this occupational health nurse job description? A registered nurse who functions in a comprehensive executive role to set goals, formulate policy, and direct and evaluate the health service.
- A. manager
- B. researcher
- C. health educator
- D. health promotion specialist
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is 'manager.' In the job description provided, the role involves setting goals, formulating policy, and directing and evaluating health services, which aligns with the responsibilities of a manager. A 'researcher' primarily focuses on conducting research, a 'health educator' specializes in educating individuals about health-related topics, and a 'health promotion specialist' concentrates on promoting health and wellness initiatives. Therefore, 'manager' is the most suitable title for the described role.