HESI LPN
Leadership and Management HESI Test Bank
1. Which of the following is considered normal for the neonate?
- A. Chest Circumference: 10 to 13 inches
- B. Length: 16 to 22 inches
- C. Weight: 1,500 to 4,000 g
- D. Head Circumference: 12.6 to 14.5 inches
Correct answer: D
Rationale: A normal head circumference for a neonate typically falls within the range of 12.6 to 14.5 inches. Choice A is incorrect because the chest circumference for a neonate is usually smaller. Choice B is incorrect as the length of a neonate is typically shorter. Choice C is incorrect as the weight of a neonate is usually measured in grams and falls within a different range.
2. What action should the nurse implement in caring for a client following an electroencephalogram (EEG)?
- A. Monitor the client's vital signs every 4 hours
- B. Assess the client's lower extremities for sensation
- C. Instruct the client to maintain bed rest
- D. Wash any paste from the client's hair and scalp
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct action the nurse should implement after an EEG is to wash any paste from the client's hair and scalp. This is crucial to prevent irritation and infection at the EEG site. Monitoring vital signs every 4 hours is not specifically indicated after an EEG. Assessing the client's lower extremities for sensation is unrelated to caring for a client post-EEG. While rest may be recommended after the procedure, there is no standard requirement for a specific duration of bed rest.
3. The client with a diagnosis of hypertension is being taught about lifestyle changes. Which recommendation is most important to include?
- A. Increase sodium intake.
- B. Engage in regular physical activity.
- C. Avoid foods high in fat.
- D. Limit fluid intake to 1 liter per day.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Engaging in regular physical activity is crucial for individuals with hypertension as it helps lower blood pressure and improve cardiovascular health. Physical activity is known to have a significant impact on reducing hypertension and overall cardiovascular risk. Choice A, increasing sodium intake, is incorrect as reducing sodium is typically recommended for hypertension to help lower blood pressure. Choice C, avoiding foods high in fat, is beneficial for overall health but not the most crucial recommendation for hypertension management. Choice D, limiting fluid intake to 1 liter per day, is not a standard recommendation for hypertension unless advised by a healthcare provider for specific cases. Therefore, the most important recommendation for the client with hypertension is to engage in regular physical activity.
4. A male client with mental illness and substance dependency tells the mental health nurse that he has started using illegal drugs again and wants to seek treatment. Since he has a dual diagnosis, which person is best for the nurse to refer this client to first?
- A. The emergency room nurse.
- B. His case manager.
- C. The clinic healthcare provider.
- D. His support group sponsor.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The case manager (B) is responsible for coordinating community services, making them the best person to refer the client to first as they can describe available treatment options. The emergency room nurse (A) is unnecessary unless the client's behaviors pose imminent threats. The clinic healthcare provider (C) and support group sponsor (D) may be useful but coordinating a treatment program tailored to the client's needs is the priority in this scenario.
5. The healthcare provider is caring for a client with a wound infection. Which type of dressing is most appropriate to use to promote healing by secondary intention?
- A. Dry gauze dressing
- B. Wet-to-dry dressing
- C. Transparent film dressing
- D. Hydrocolloid dressing
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Hydrocolloid dressings are ideal for promoting healing by secondary intention in wound infections. These dressings create a moist environment that supports autolytic debridement and facilitates the healing process. Dry gauze dressings (Option A) may lead to adherence, causing trauma upon removal and disrupting the wound bed. Wet-to-dry dressings (Option B) are primarily used for mechanical debridement and can be painful during dressing changes. Transparent film dressings (Option C) are more suitable for superficial wounds with minimal exudate and are not typically used for wound infections requiring healing by secondary intention.