Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following statements about CHN is wrong?

• A. CHN synthesizes public health with nursing
• B. CHN emphasizes health
• C. Promoting clients' autonomy is a responsibility of public nursing
• D. CHN makes a unique contribution to health care not by the nature of its practice but where it is practiced

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The statement in option D is incorrect. The unique contribution of Community Health Nursing (CHN) is not only where it is practiced but also by the nature of its practice. CHN's distinct value lies in its approach to care delivery, focusing on preventive care, health promotion, and addressing the needs of specific communities. Options A and B are correct as CHN involves synthesizing public health principles with nursing practice and emphasizes holistic health. Option C is incorrect as promoting clients' autonomy is a fundamental aspect of community health nursing, respecting individuals' rights to make decisions about their health.

2. Which of the following best describes the concept of 'health disparity'?

• A. Differences in health outcomes and their determinants between different segments of the population
• B. Providing equal healthcare services to all individuals
• C. Access to healthcare services regardless of income
• D. High-quality healthcare for everyone

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'Differences in health outcomes and their determinants between different segments of the population.' Health disparity refers to variations in health status or health care utilization between different groups. Choice B is incorrect because providing equal healthcare services to all individuals is related to health equity, not health disparity. Choice C is also incorrect as it refers to universal access to healthcare, which is different from health disparity. Choice D is incorrect as it describes the concept of high-quality healthcare for everyone, not health disparity.

3. The client with acute hypocalcemia is admitted to the unit. Nursing action should include:

• A. Implement seizure precautions
• B. Assess for hypoglycemia
• C. Monitor for visual changes
• D. Observe for muscle weakness

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct action for a client with acute hypocalcemia is to implement seizure precautions. Hypocalcemia can lead to tetany and seizures due to neuromuscular irritability. Assessing for hypoglycemia (choice B) is not directly related to hypocalcemia. Monitoring for visual changes (choice C) is more indicative of conditions like hyperglycemia or retinal disorders. Observing for muscle weakness (choice D) is a common symptom of hypocalcemia but does not address the immediate risk of seizures, which is why implementing seizure precautions is the priority nursing action.

4. What does the acronym ICD stand for in medical terminology?

• A. International Classification of Diseases
• B. Internal Care Documentation
• C. Intensive Care Division
• D. Integrated Care Department

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: International Classification of Diseases. The ICD is a system used worldwide to classify and code various health conditions and diseases. This system helps in standardizing the documentation and coding of diseases, which is essential for epidemiology, research, and healthcare management. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not represent the widely recognized meaning of the acronym ICD in medical terminology.

5. What is the measure of the number of new cases of a disease in a specific population during a certain time period called?

• A. Prevalence
• B. Incidence
• C. Mortality rate
• D. Morbidity rate

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, Incidence. Incidence refers to the number of new cases of a disease in a specific population during a certain time period. Prevalence (choice A) refers to the total number of cases of a disease in a population at a specific point in time. Mortality rate (choice C) is the measure of the number of deaths in a particular population due to a specific cause. Morbidity rate (choice D) is a broader term that encompasses the incidence and prevalence of a disease in a population.

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