HESI LPN
HESI Leadership and Management Quizlet
1. Which of the following is true regarding the Affordable Care Act?
- A. The Affordable Care Act addressed issues of interest to nursing without controversy.
- B. The Affordable Care Act addressed issues of mandatory overtime, incivility, and high workloads for nurses.
- C. The Affordable Care Act provided a new patient-centered model for health care.
- D. The Affordable Care Act attempted to address many of the issues of interest to nursing, but came with much controversy.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. The Affordable Care Act attempted to address many issues relevant to nursing, such as mandatory overtime, incivility, and high workloads, but it faced significant controversy. Choice A is incorrect as the act did not address nursing issues without controversy. Choice B is incorrect as it inaccurately lists the issues the act addressed. Choice C is incorrect as it does not fully capture the controversy surrounding the Affordable Care Act.
2. A client is prescribed an antacid for the treatment of peptic ulcer disease. What is the action of this medication that is effective in treating the client's ulcer?
- A. Decrease in the production of gastric secretions
- B. Production of an adherent barrier over the ulcer
- C. Maintenance of a gastric pH of 3.5 or above
- D. Decrease in the gastric motor activity
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Antacids work by neutralizing gastric acids and maintaining a gastric pH of 3.5 or above. This pH level is crucial to prevent the activation of pepsinogen, a precursor to pepsin, which can further damage the ulcer. Choice A is incorrect because antacids do not directly decrease the production of gastric secretions; they neutralize existing acid. Choice B is incorrect as antacids do not form a physical barrier over the ulcer but rather neutralize the acid around it. Choice D is also incorrect as antacids do not affect gastric motor activity but focus on reducing acidity in the stomach.
3. .A nurse is caring for an infant whose vomiting is intractable. For what complication is it most important for the nurse to assess?
- A. Acidosis
- B. Alkalosis
- C. Hyperkalemia
- D. Hypernatremia
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Intractable vomiting can lead to alkalosis due to loss of stomach acids.
4. What instruction should the nurse include in the teaching plan for a client prescribed etanercept for rheumatoid arthritis?
- A. Rotate injection sites to prevent irritation.
- B. Take this medication with food to reduce gastrointestinal upset.
- C. Avoid sunlight exposure while on this medication.
- D. Notify the healthcare provider of any signs of infection.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct instruction for a client prescribed etanercept is to rotate injection sites to prevent irritation and ensure proper absorption. Changing sites will help prevent skin irritation and ensure that the medication is absorbed effectively. This practice also reduces the risk of injection site reactions and discomfort. It is essential to follow this instruction to promote optimal medication delivery and minimize adverse effects. Choice B is incorrect because etanercept can be taken with or without food, and it is not specifically indicated to be taken with food to reduce gastrointestinal upset. Choice C is incorrect as there is no specific association between etanercept and sunlight exposure. Choice D is incorrect because while it is important to notify the healthcare provider of signs of infection, this is not the primary instruction related to the administration of etanercept.
5. The parents of a 1-month-old girl with Down syndrome are being taught by the nurse on how to maintain the child's good health. Which instruction would the nurse be least likely to include?
- A. Getting cervical radiographs between 3 and 5 years of age
- B. Adhering to the special dietary needs of the child
- C. Getting an echocardiogram before 3 months of age
- D. Monitoring for symptoms of respiratory infection
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. While special dietary needs may be important, they are not typically a primary concern for a 1-month-old with Down syndrome compared to monitoring for congenital issues. Getting cervical radiographs, an echocardiogram, and monitoring for respiratory infections are more crucial in the early care of a child with Down syndrome. Cervical radiographs help in assessing for atlantoaxial instability, an echocardiogram is important for detecting congenital heart defects common in Down syndrome, and monitoring for respiratory infections is vital due to the increased risk in these children.