Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following best describes the goal of primary health care?

• A. Treating chronic diseases
• B. Providing specialized medical services
• C. Promoting health and preventing illness
• D. Conducting medical research

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Promoting health and preventing illness.' Primary health care aims to provide essential health services, promote health, prevent diseases, and manage common health problems. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because primary health care focuses on a holistic approach to health that includes health promotion, disease prevention, treatment of common illnesses, and community participation, rather than specialized services, chronic disease treatment, or medical research.

2. Health activities are designed to:

• A. prevent people from being exposed to germs
• B. ignore spiritual factors as they can confuse medical issues
• C. increase communities' control over their health and well-being
• D. ensure that the community health nurse leads health programs

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Health activities are structured to enhance communities' autonomy and influence over their health and well-being, aiming to empower them to make informed choices and take control of their health. Choice A is incorrect as health activities encompass a broader scope beyond just preventing exposure to germs. Choice B is incorrect because spiritual factors are crucial components that should not be disregarded in healthcare. Choice D is incorrect as health activities are not solely about the community health nurse being in charge, but about empowering the community as a whole.

3. A client with diabetes mellitus is receiving insulin glargine (Lantus). The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following side effects?

• A. Hypoglycemia
• B. Hyperkalemia
• C. Hypertension
• D. Hypercalcemia

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Insulin glargine is a long-acting insulin used to control blood sugar levels in diabetes. The nurse should monitor the client for hypoglycemia, which is a potential side effect of insulin therapy. Hypoglycemia occurs when blood sugar levels drop too low, leading to symptoms such as shakiness, dizziness, sweating, confusion, and in severe cases, loss of consciousness. Hyperkalemia (choice B) is an elevated potassium level, not typically associated with insulin glargine. Hypertension (choice C) is high blood pressure, which is not a common side effect of insulin glargine. Hypercalcemia (choice D) is an elevated calcium level and is not related to the use of insulin glargine.

4. As a client who is terminally ill has been receiving high doses of an opioid analgesic for the past month and becomes unresponsive to verbal stimuli as death approaches, what orders would the nurse expect from the healthcare provider?

• A. Decrease the analgesic dosage by half
• B. Discontinue the analgesic
• C. Continue the same analgesic dosage
• D. Prescribe a less potent drug

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Continuing the same dosage of analgesic is appropriate to manage pain effectively as death nears and the client becomes unresponsive. The primary goal of palliative care in end-of-life situations is to ensure comfort, regardless of the client's level of consciousness. Decreasing the analgesic dosage or discontinuing it could lead to inadequate pain relief, which goes against the principles of palliative care. Prescribing a less potent drug may also compromise pain management in this critical stage. Therefore, maintaining the same analgesic dosage is the most appropriate action to provide comfort and alleviate suffering.

5. The nurse understands that the primary goal of the occupational health program is:

• A. curative care of workers/employees
• B. birth and death rates
• C. disease trends
• D. social environmental conditions

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The primary goal of an occupational health program is to provide curative care to workers/employees. This includes preventing and treating work-related illnesses and injuries, promoting workplace safety, and ensuring the well-being of employees in their work environment. Choice B, birth and death rates, is not directly related to the primary goal of an occupational health program. Choice C, disease trends, may be a focus of public health programs but is not the primary goal of an occupational health program. Choice D, social environmental conditions, while important for overall health, is not the primary goal of an occupational health program which is more focused on the health and safety of workers in their work settings.

Similar Questions