Nursing Elites

1. What type of play do nurses expect when observing a toddler in a playroom with other children?

• A. Parallel
• B. Solitary
• C. Cooperative
• D. Competitive

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Parallel. Toddlers typically engage in parallel play, where they play alongside but not directly with other children. This type of play is common during early childhood as children are still developing social skills and may prefer to play independently while observing others. Choice B, Solitary play, refers to a child playing alone without interacting with others. Choice C, Cooperative play, involves children playing together towards a common goal or activity. Choice D, Competitive play, emphasizes winning and outperforming others, which is less common in toddlers as they are in the stage of exploring and learning through play rather than competing.

2. A nurse is teaching the parents of a child with a diagnosis of epilepsy about seizure precautions. What should the nurse include in the teaching?

• A. Keep a diary of seizure activity
• B. Administer antiepileptic medication only when a seizure occurs
• C. Restrict the child's activities to prevent seizures
• D. Teach seizure first aid to family members

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Teaching seizure first aid to family members is essential as it empowers them to respond effectively during a seizure. Keeping a diary of seizure activity is important for tracking patterns and triggers but is not directly related to immediate safety. Administering antiepileptic medication only when a seizure occurs is not recommended as medications should be administered as prescribed by healthcare providers. Restricting the child's activities to prevent seizures is not appropriate as children with epilepsy should be encouraged to lead active lives while taking necessary precautions.

3. Which treatment is instituted for the therapeutic management of minimal change nephrotic syndrome?

• A. corticosteroids
• B. antihypertensive agents
• C. long-term diuretics
• D. increased fluids to promote diuresis

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Corticosteroids are the mainstay of treatment for minimal change nephrotic syndrome as they help reduce inflammation and decrease proteinuria. Antihypertensive agents are used to manage high blood pressure often associated with kidney disease but are not the primary treatment for this condition. Long-term diuretics are not typically used in the management of minimal change nephrotic syndrome as they can worsen fluid and electrolyte imbalances. Increasing fluids to promote diuresis is not recommended in this condition as it can lead to further fluid retention and edema.

4. When a child with a diagnosis of asthma is prescribed a peak flow meter, what should the nurse teach the child and parents about using this device?

• A. Use the device before taking medication
• B. Use the device during asthma attacks
• C. Record the best of three attempts
• D. Use the device after eating

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is to record the best of three attempts when using a peak flow meter. This method provides a more accurate measure of peak expiratory flow. Choice A is incorrect because using the device before taking medication may not reflect the actual peak flow, as medication can affect lung function. Choice B is incorrect as using the device during asthma attacks may not be feasible or safe, as the focus during an attack should be on managing symptoms rather than measuring peak flow. Choice D is incorrect because using the device after eating may not provide an accurate measurement of peak flow, as digestion can affect lung function temporarily.

5. When obtaining a health history from parents of a 4-month-old boy with congenital hypothyroidism, what would the nurse most likely assess?

• A. The child's growth is above normal for his age.
• B. The child is active and playful.
• C. The skin appears pink and healthy.
• D. It is difficult to keep the child awake.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: In congenital hypothyroidism, infants often experience lethargy and difficulty staying awake due to low thyroid hormone levels. Choice A is incorrect as hypothyroidism can lead to poor growth in infants. Choice B is incorrect because hypothyroidism can cause decreased activity levels and lethargy rather than being active and playful. Choice C is incorrect as hypothyroidism can result in dry skin and poor skin tone, not necessarily pink and healthy-looking skin.

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